363 



after 150 weeks of similar treatment. After 34 weeks of exposure in 

 a room the ground flower-heads were not injured, after 136 weeks 

 their value was greatly reduced and they were worthless after 150 

 weeks. The whole flower-heads were unaffected after the same ex- 

 posure. Ground flower-heads may be safely heated for 18 hours to a 

 temperature of 120° C, but 130°-140° C. will completely destroy their 

 effectiveness. Soaking in hot water for 24 hours reduces the potency 

 of ground flower-heads to a greater extent than the same time in cold 

 water. 



GiROLA (C. D.). Mejores Sistemas para combatir las siguientes 

 Plagas : Diaspis pentagona, Aspidiotns, Pulgones, Taladrillos, 

 Bicho de Cesto, etc. Conveniencia de combatir las Plagas de las 

 Plantas por Medio de Ids Enemigos naturales (entam6fagos). 



[The best Methods of combating Aulacaspis pentagona, Aspidiotus, 

 Aphids, Borers, Bagworms, etc. The Advantage of controlling 

 Plant Pests by Means of Natural Enemies.] — Anales Soc. Rural 

 Argentina, Buenos Aires, liii, no. 4, 1919, 149-151. [Received 

 19th June 1919.] 



The method of introduction of Prospaltella berlesei, How., for tjhe 

 control of Atdacaspis [Diasjns) p)entagona, Targ., is described, and it is 

 stated that 3,000,000 twigs bearing this parasite were distributed 

 during 1914-1916 ainong the plantations infested with A. pentagona, 

 this method having given better results than any previously tried,. 

 Mention is made of similar introductions of other enemies, such as 

 Novius cardinalis for the control of the scale, Icerya purchasi, and the 

 Hymenopterous parasites, Eurytoma caridei, Bret., Perissocentrus 

 argentinae var. caridei, Bret., Lindesonius caridei, Bret., and Parexo- 

 rista caridei, Bret., to destroy Oeceticus platensis, Berg (Argentine 

 bag worm). 



Senstius (M. W.). Over eene recente Insectenplaag op Koffiezaadbedden. 



[An Insect Pest of recent Occurrence in Coffee Seed-beds.] — 

 Meded. Proefstation Malang, Soerabaya, no. 7, 1915, pp. 5-19, 

 3 plates. [Received 23rd June 1919.] 



Intensive injury to seed-beds of various varieties of coffee in Java 

 was found to be due to insect larvae. About 206,000 of these were 

 collected in 5 days from an area of about 7,500 square feet, i.e., about 

 28 per square foot. Wireworms, probably the Tenebrionid, Opatrum 

 depress urn, were the most abundant ; they attack the roots of young 

 coffee plants. Though the adult beetle has been recorded in Java 

 as injuring tobacco above ground, no injury of this type was noticed 

 in the present case. Tipulid larvae, which were next in order of 

 abundance, feed on the inner bark of the coffee plants just above the 

 root-collar. Small numbers of Agrotis sp., May-beetle larvae and 

 Elaterids were also found. The wireworms and Tipulids appear to be 

 widely distributed, though little noticed, in Java. The adults of 

 0. depressum may be captured by spreading on the seed-beds some 

 light-coloured material under which the beetles will shelter. ^Vhen 

 this is watered some days later they immediately emerge and being' 

 clearly visible against the light background, their capture is easy. The' 

 Tipulids may be combated by covering the beds with alang-alang 



(C588) ^. ■ ^2 



