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Hartzell (A.). Notes on the Life History of the Pine Tube Moth 

 {Enlia pinatubana, Kearfott). — Jl. Econ. Entom., Concord, N.H., 

 xii, no. 3, June 1919, pp. 233-237. 



Eidia pinatubana, Kearf. (pine tube moth) up to 1905 was confused 

 with the European species, E. politana, Haw. ; it probably occurs 

 throughout the white pine district of southern Canada and the 

 eastern United States, but its exact distribution is not known. 



The white pine {Pinus strobiis) is the only food-plant recorded. 

 The moths have been taken on this tree in April, June and July. 

 They are crepuscular in their habits and are very sluggish during 

 the day, only flying when disturbed. The larvae are very active 

 and when disturbed, if unable to return to their tubes built of leaves 

 drawn together with silk, they let themselves down by means of a 

 thread. The original tube, each containing one larva, is constructed 

 from five leaves, but, as the larva grows, more are drawn into it 

 for food. The first larvae were noticed in the field on the 20th July ; 

 pupation occurs in October and hibernation usually takes place in 

 this stage, although in one case a caterpillar was found in a tube in 

 December. There are probably two generations a year, but this 

 has not yet been proved. 



The natural enemies of E. pinatubana include the following parasites : 

 Eurytoma sp., Elachistus sp., Epiurus indagator, Walsh, Eclytus 

 pleitmlis, Prov., and Itoplectis conquisitor, Say, reared from the pupae, 

 Hemiteles sp., reared from the larvae, and Epiurus alborictvs, Cress., 

 and Phytodieti'.s phuralis, Cress., reared from both of these stages. 



VicKERY (R. A.) & Wilson (T. S.). Observations on wingless May 

 Beetles. — Jl. Econ. Entom., Concord, N.H., xii, no. 3, June 1919, 

 pp. 238-247, 2 plates. 



The ravages caused by Lachnosterna farcta in Texas in 1918 were 

 so great that gardens had to be replanted several times. The food- 

 plants of this May beetle are numerous, including a variety of crops 

 and garden plants. In the field, cotton is preferred and has been 

 destroyed in areas of from 5 to 20 acres. Beans seem to be the 

 favourite garden crop. The beetles were observed from the latter 

 part of March untU about the middle of July ; during this time plants 

 are completely defoliated and the younger ones killed. During the 

 day the beetles hide in the ground, emerging after dark to attack 

 almost any plant in their vicinity ; their ravages on old plants are 

 limited to the lower leaves, as they are unable to chmb to any height. 

 In the ground they may burrow from 4 to 6 inches, usually near the 

 base of the plant. The remedial measures that were tried are described. 

 The most successful for garden purposes was the erection of barriers 

 made of boards surrounding patches of plants. At intervals along 

 the side of these, vessels with smooth walls should be buried level 

 with the soil surface to act as traps. By this method 102 beetles 

 were caught inside a barrier round a plot 20 feet scjuare and 953 

 outside in about 53 days. The beetles may be used as food for 

 poultry. Bran mash is suggested for field control. 



L. cribrosa, which has very similar habits to, but a much wider 

 distribution than L. farcta, was reported in April 1918, and occurred 

 in very large numbers over a limited area of about 70 acres^ some 



(C588) c 



