442 



dry conditions of spring and summer are not favourable to the spread 

 of this eehvorm, but under suitable moist conditions the eggs, de- 

 posited in the tissues of the plant or in the soil, hatch very rapidly. 

 The damage caused to plants and the mode of infestation is similar 

 to that of T. tritici [see this Review, Ser. A, vii, pp.. 324, 380]. Ex- 

 periments were made to ascertain the susceptibility of various plants, 

 details of which are given and which also confirm the statement of 

 Ritzema Bos that T. devastatrix does not readily change its food-plant 

 [see this Review, Ser, A, v, p. 441 and vii, p. 356]. In view of this fact 

 the remedial measure advocated is to starve out the eelworms by 

 avoiding the planting of red clover or other susceptible crops for at 

 least 8 to 10 years ; the alternative crops suggested are sainfoin, 

 lucerne, trefoil and white clover, either alone or mixed with Italian 

 rye-grass. 



Warburton (C). Annual Report for 1918 of the Zoologist.— JL R. 



Agric. Soc. England, London, Ixxix, 1918, pp. 258-263, [Received 

 29th August 1919.] 



During 1918 many crops were seriously damaged by insect pests, 

 including the wheat bulb-fly [Hylemyia coarctata], which was not 

 quite so widely distributed as in previous years but caused severe 

 damage in some places. The wetness of the season proved fatal to 

 the mature insects, in consequence of which it is hoped that future 

 attacks will be less serious, A flea-beetle, Phyllotreta vittula, much 

 reduced the yield of barley crops by damaging the leaf-blades, and 

 attention is also called to the recurrence of caterpillars of Trachea 

 {Hadena) hasilinea attacking the grain of wheat, 



Charaeas graminis (antler moth) was very abundant and damaged 

 pastures. Mangels suffered greatly from the mangel fly [Pegomyia 

 Jiyoscyami] where they were planted alone, but escaped entirely when 

 interplanted with swedes. This crop was also heavily infested ])y the 

 l)lack bean aphis {^A'phis rumicis]. Turnips were attacked l)y the 

 Inirnip-seed weevil [Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis] and gall weevil 

 [C. sulcicollis], the latter being also reported on cabbages. 



This crop suffered from the usual cabbage caterpillars as well as 

 those of Pionea forficalis, against which, besides hand-picking, salt 

 solution and " Belumnite " proved useful. 



Peas and beans suffered from pests rather less than m previous 

 years, except from the ravages of the bean aphis {Aphis rumicis). 

 Wireworms and leather- jackets were extremely abundant ; in certain 

 fields examined in Shropshire the minimum number per acre was 

 estimated respectively at 215,000 and 13,000, and the highest counts 

 per acre were 510,000 and 220,000. Even in cold weather they were all 

 found within 1| inches of the soil surface. Paring and burning the 

 surface soil where possible and thorough rolling and consolidation 

 of it after seeding greatly reduced the damage to the crop. 



RoHWER (S. A.). U.S. Bur. Entom. Descriptions of three Parasites 



of Agrilus angelicus (Hym.). — Proc. Entom. Soc, Washitigton, 



D.C., xxi, no. 1, January 1919, pp. 4-8, 1 fig. [Received 12th 



September 1919.] 



The parasites of Agrilus angelicus, Horn, infesting Querc^is agrifolia, 



here described are : Ptinohius agrili, Dinotus agrili and Doryctes 



