448 



planted in nurseries in 1916. Blastodacna atra, Haw. (putripenella, Z.) 

 injured the buds of apples and was so numerous in places as to cause 

 complete defoliation. Other Lepidopterous pests included : — 

 ArgyresthiaconjvLgeUa, 7d., Cydia (Carpocapsa) pomonella, L., Malacosoma 

 neustria, L., Hyponomeuta sp., Episema {Diloba) coeruleocepJiala, 

 L., Vanessa polychloros, L., and Orgyia antiqua, L. 



The sawflies reported were Eriocampoides limacina, L., and Hoplo- 

 campa testitdinea, Klg. 



Anthonomus ponwrmn, L., was very common in 1916, causing severe 

 injury in May in some localities ; in others where the flowers were 

 abundant the thinning effected by this weevil was rather beneficial 

 than otherwise. Otiorrhynchus picipes, F., was also reported in one 

 locahty in May 1917. 



Penisia pyri, Bch., occurred in July on 1-3 year-old trees, the growth 

 of which was greatly retarded. Contarinia pyrivora, Ril., was as 

 usual common on young pear fruits in May and June. 



Among Rhynchota, Calocoris norvegicus, Gmel., Lygus pratensis, 

 L., L. kalmi, L., and Oriliotylus marginalis, Rent, {nassatus, Fin.) in 

 many locahties attacked apple-trees, in some places pears also. Psylla 

 nudi, Schmbg., was a serious pest in 1916. Apihis p)omi, DeG., and 

 other Aphids were present in exceptionally great numbers in spite of the 

 cold and rainy weather. LepidosapJies idmi was very common in 1916 

 on apple and pear trees, especially on espaliers and on trees growing 

 in sheltered places. 



The mites recorded include Eriophyes pyri, Pgst., in many locahties, 

 especially on pear trees. Tetranychus sp., which during the dry and 

 warm summer of 1917 was exceptionally common, especially on 

 espahers, the injured trees being easily recognised by the grey colour 

 of the foliage. 



Pests of stone-fruits included Cheimatobia brumata, L., and 

 C. boreata, Hb., on mirabel, plums and cherries : Argyroploce variegana, 

 Hb., on morello cherries ; Tortrix funebrana, Tr., on plums ; Argyresthia 

 ephippiella, F., on cherries. Hoplocampa fulvicornis, Kl., greatly 

 diminished the plum crop in 1916. Plum trees also suffered heavily 

 from the attacks of Aphids, especially Hyalopterus arimdinis, F. {pruni 

 F.). Lecanium sp. and Aspidiotus sp. were recorded on peaches, and 

 apricots. 



Pests of gooseberries and currants included Abraxas grossulariata, 

 L., and Pteronus ribesii, Scop. ; ApJiis grossulariae, Kalt., and Myzus 

 ribis L., injuring red currants in some locahties ; Schizoneura fodiens, 

 Buckt., found on the roots of red currants ; and the mite, Bryobia 

 praetiosa, Koch, which is widely spread and especially attacks old 

 gooseberry bushes. Eriophyes ribis, Nal., was very common on black 

 currants, though the injury does not always diminish the crop. 



Raspberries and blackberries were attacked by Byturus tomentosus, 

 F., Anthonomus riibi, Hbst., Otiorrhynchus sp., Incurvaria rubiella, 

 Bjerk., and Pennisetia (Bembecia) hylaeiformis. 



Miscellaneous pests included Balaninus nucum, L., common in 

 many localities on hazel nuts ; Aphis sambuci, L., on elder ; Eriophyes 

 avellanae, Nal., common on hazel both wild and cultivated ; Crioceris 

 asparagi, L., and Calocoris norvegicus, Gmel., on asparagus ; Hylemyia 

 antiqua, Meig., on onions and leeks all over the country ; and Acrolepia 

 assectella, Z., on leeks in some locahties. 



