463 



The formulae used all contained the proprietary brand of lead 

 arsenate known as BouiUie Billault, which consists of about half 

 its weight of lead arsenate, 100 parts by weight of the powder 

 corresponding to 48 of triplumbic arsenate, to 20 of disodic ortho- 

 arsenate or to 12 of arsenic acid. This, mixed with water alone, gave 

 some measure of success, but any of the following showed far greater 

 efficacy : — 15 parts Billault mixture, 1 part sodium carbonate, 6 parts 

 oleine white soap, 1,000 parts water ; or 15 parts Billault mixture, 

 2'5 parts adhesol to 1,000 parts water ; or 15 parts Billault mixture 

 with 10 parts copper acetate to 1,000 parts water. Probably the 

 spreading properties of these were an advantage, while the copper 

 in the last-named would add to its efficiency. Tables are given 

 showing the results of sprays with these mixtures, both as regards 

 the growing trees and the fruit crops ; the quantity of sound fruit 

 gathered was found to be doubled by the less efficacious treatment 

 given on the 26th May, ahnost five-fold after the treatment on 8th 

 May only, and nearly six-fold after the combined sprayings. 



Lecaillon (A.). Sur I'Emploi des Insecticides arsenieaux pour 

 combattre la Pyrale des Pommes et des Poires {Oarpocapsa 

 pomonella, L.). — Ann. Service des Epiphyties, Paris, v (1916-1917), 

 1918, pp. 49-53. [Received 1st September 1919.] 



In consequence of the success of arsenicals against Gi/dia pomonella 

 in the United States, the author, made a trial of the same method 

 in 1917 on apple and pear trees in Haute Garonne. On account of 

 unfavourable cUmatic conditions, the state of the trees left much 

 to be desired, but the results were sufficient to confirm the efficacy of 

 arsenical treatment. For apples the treatment should be begun 

 as soon as the petals have fallen, but for pears it should be later, 

 when the moths first appear. For early-maturing pears a single 

 spraying is generally sufficient. Lack of success on apple-trees in 

 France is probably frequently due to the difficulty of making the 

 material generally used penetrate the eye of the fruit. 



Massonnat (E.). Applications de la M^thode arsenieale a la Culture 

 fruiti^re de la Region lyonnaise. — Ann. Service des Epiphyties, 

 Paris, V (1^16-1917) 1918, pp. 54-59. [Received 1st September 

 1919.] 



Experiments are described that were undertaken in three different 

 locahties of the Lyons region to test the value of arsenicals against 

 Cydia pomonella. These confirm the fact that such measures can be 

 completely efficacious and indicate the value of popularising the 

 use of these insecticides in that region. 



Peneau (J.). Emploi des Arsenieaux centre les Inseetes des Arbres 

 fruitiers, en particulier centre le Ver des Pommes et des Poires 



(Carpocapsa pomonella, L.). — Ann. Service des Epiphyties, Paris, 

 V (1916-1917), 1918, pp. 60-68. [Received 1st September 1919.] 



A series of experiments are described in which eight different 

 arsenical mixtures were tested against fruit-tree pests. Excellent 

 resultSjWere obtained with two sprayings, the first after the dropping 



