505 



Blackman (M. W.). Notes on Forest Insects. "1. On two Bark- 

 Beetles attacking the trunks of White Pine Trees. — Psyche, 

 Boston, Mass., xxvi, no. 4, August 1919, pp. 85-96, 1 p'ate, 1 fig. 



Ips longidens, Swaine, has been found in large numbers infesting 

 white pine {Pinus strobus) in New York. It may be a primary or 

 secondary pest, and is usually found in the middle region of trees 

 measuring 4-8 inches in diameter. In larger trees it may be found 

 higher up, the character of the bark being the factor determining the 

 choice of position. Though the beetles usually attack diseased or 

 dying trees, they may become the actual cause of death. The method 

 of working, which is described, is similar to that of Pityogenes hopkinsi,. 

 Swaine [see this Review, Ser. A, iv, p. 234]. 



Ips longidens has been found associated in the same tree with 

 I. pini, Say, Pityogenes hopkinsi, Swaine, Crypturgus atomis, Lee, 

 Graphisurus fasciatus, De G., Monochamus (Monohammus) scutellatuSy 

 Say, Dendroctonus valens, Hopk., Orthofomicus (Ips) caelatus, Eich., 

 Dryocoetes aniericanus, Ho^k., Hylastes (Hylurgops) pinifex, Fitch, 

 Gnathotrichus materiarius, Fitch, Cossonus corticola. Say, Monochamus 

 confitsor, Kirby, M. titillator, ¥., Rhagium lineatum, Oliv., and Pytho 

 americanus, Kirby, occurring chiefly in the lower region of the trunk. 

 Pityophthorus granulatus, Swaine, Chrysobothris femorata, ¥., C. dentipes 

 Germ., and Pogonochaerus mixtus. Say, are occasionally associated 

 with it in the tops and limbs. Predaceous beetles associated with 

 Ips longidens include Phylloboenus dislocatus, Say, and Hypophloeus 

 tenuis, Lee. A parasitic Hymenopteron, Goelopisthus sp., was taken, 

 from a pupal chamber. 



Hylastes pinifex. Fitch, attacks white pines by preference, but 

 is also recorded on spruce and Eastern larch. The burrows are 

 usually in the lower part of the trunks and frequently in stumps 

 of recently cut trees. They may extend to the main roots, 6 or 8 

 inches underground. The egg-gallery is a simple cylindrical mine 

 extending longitudinally and the eggs are laid along the sides in 

 niches or longitudinal grooves. The larval burrows are exceptionally" 

 long, measuring 10 to 12 inches. They commence at right angles 

 to the egg-gallery but soon become tortuous. Pupation takes place 

 in a carefully constructed pupation chamber in both bark and sapwood. 

 The beetles emerge about a week after pupation has occurred. Nor- 

 mally there is only one generation a year in New York State, but if 

 young adults that remain in their larval food-plants from the late 

 summer until the following June are removed to another food-plant 

 they immediately commence fresh burrows. Insects associated with 

 H. pinifex include many of those mentioned above as well as Ip» 

 calligraphus, Germ., and Ips longidens. Say. Glischrochilus sanguino- 

 lentus, Oliv., and several unidentified Nitidulids and Staphylinids occur 

 in the feeding burrows of the young adults. 



Anstead (D. R.). The Coffee Planting Industry in Southern India. — 



Agric. Jl. India, Calcutta, xiv, no. 4, July 1919, pp. 578-585, 

 [Received 22nd September 1919.] 



The history of cofiee cultivation in Southern India is reviewed. 

 The chief insect pests include the scales, Coccus viridis and Coccus 

 colemani, o\vdng to which coffee has had to be replaced by tea in 



(C618) Wt.P192l/Ul. 1,500. 12.19. B.&P.,Ltd. Gp.ll/3. ▲ 



