74 



Crambus Topiarius. Zeller. 



This interesting species represents the European Hortiielhis^ 

 in our fauna, according to Prof. Zeller. It is widely distributed. 



ON THE AMERICAN FORM OF PAPILIO MACHAON, 



Linn. 



By W. H. Edwards. 



Some years ago, by the kind aid of Mr. W. F. Kirby and Dr. 

 Hagen, I was able to bring together a long series of Machaon and 

 its varieties from many localities in Europe, also from India, 

 Himalaya, Central Asia and Kamschatka. From America I have 

 several examples from Hudson's Bay and Alaska, and have exam- 

 ined a specimen taken at the Dalles, Columbia river, by Mr. 

 Henry Edwards. On comparing the American examples with 

 those first mentioned, I find that they, as a whole, differ consid- 

 erably from most of the others, but come nearest, and indeed are 

 very near to the variety from Himalaya, labeled in the collection 

 of the Mus. Comp. Anat., Cambridge, '' Asiatiais, Menetries." 

 This variety was characterized as having a very broad marginal 

 border to the hind wings, the inner edge of which border was 

 straight and reached nearly to the end of the cell. Emphasis is 

 placed on the straightness of this edge, as if it was the principal 

 character by which the variety was to be known. Menutries, 

 Desc. des nouvelles Especes de Lep. Diurn., etc., St. Petersburg, 

 1855, p. 69, gives P. Machaon, van Califoniica, syn. of Zelicaon, 

 Lucas, {Zolicaon Bd.); and next, var. Asiatica, describing this last 

 as follows: " Cette variete differe du Machaon 6! Y.\xxo^^q en ce 

 -sju'en dessus les secondes ailes ont la bande noire posterieure tres 

 large et bien limitee ; celle-ci part du bord anterieur et se dirige 

 €n Yx^Vi^droite (so in italics) alteignant presque la cellule discoidale, 

 jusq' a la lunule anale. De I'Himalaya et du Kamtchatka. N. 

 B. Les individus d I'Himalaya presentent de plus, la bande noire 

 du bord posterieur des premieres ailes beaucoup plus large." 



One of the two Himalayan examples examined by me an- 

 •swered very nearly to this description, but the inner edge of the 

 broad border of hind wing was not straight, but wavy, and 

 was slightly concave. Also, it did not approach the cell very 

 closely in consequence of its concave outline. The other exam- 

 ple had that edge still more concave, and it was irregular, and was 

 precisely like several of the examples from Europe in these re- 

 spects. Two males (only examined) from Kamtchatka were 

 small, and the borders of both wings were very narrow, while on 

 the hind wing of each the inner edge of the border was unusually 

 ■concave, so that the distance of same from the cell was greater 

 than in any others examined. 



