Gabotto (L.). L'Afide lanigero o Pidocchio sanguigno del Melo. 



[The Woolly Apple Aphis.]— Riv. Agric, Parma, xxvi, no. 43, 

 28th October 1921, pp. 624-625. 



This article deals with measures against the woolly aphis [Eriosoma 

 lanigerum, Hsm.], those advised being pruning, the removal of small 

 colonies and spraying with petroleum-soap. 



Denier (P.). Les Insectes nuisibles au Cotoimier dans les Colonies 

 Frangaises.— i?CT'. Hist. Nat. App., Paris, 1"° Partie, ii, no. 9, 

 September 1921, pp. 265-271. 



The cultivation of cotton in the French Colonies is not as yet 

 sufficiently developed to require a special entomological service, and 

 very little is known regarding cotton pests occurring there. The 

 chief insects injuring the crop in other countries are here reviewed, 

 and it is suggested that as the cotton industry is developed in the 

 French Colonies, it would be very advantageous to have centres for 

 experimental research with laboratories on the spot. It is hoped 

 that public authorities, scientific men and planters will collaborate in 

 the many investigations that will be necessary. 



(E F). Societe de Pathologie Vegetale.— //. Agric. Prat., Paris, 

 XXXV, no. 43, 29th October 1921, pp. 350-352. 

 The reports made to the Societe de Pathologie Vegetale of insect 

 pests and fungous diseases include a record of the fruit-fly, Ceratitis 

 capitata (?), on pears in a new area, at Villeneuve-Saint-Georges. 

 Criocephalus rusticus has been observed causing serious damage to 

 pieces of timber in the Seine-et-Marne district. Hylotrupes hajulus 

 is the only other Longicorn known to live in similar conditions, this 

 beetle, as well as Sirex juvencus, being found during the same obser- 

 vations. Criocephalus has previously been recorded as perforating zinc 

 plates in order to escape from timber in which the larva had developed. 

 The caterpillars of the nun moth, Liparis monacha, have been 

 causing very heavy depredations in the valuable forests of Czecho- 

 slovakia. The severest attacks were noticed three years ago in northern 

 Bohemia, and the moth has now spread to Moravia. The majority 

 of trees and herbaceous plants are devoured by the caterpillars ; 

 a few that seem to be immune are Abies douglasi, pears, ash, elm and 

 generally limes. Conifers suffer more than deciduous trees. The 

 German system of afforestation has probably encouraged this insect 

 owing to the trees being very closely planted. The caterpillars are 

 most abundant in the undisturbed valleys. It is hoped that this 

 infestation will die out naturally, especially as two serious epizootics 

 occur among the caterpillars, namely, flacherie and polyhedral disease. 

 An attempt is being made to spread these diseases by spraying infested 

 trees with a culture obtained from caterpillars that have died of them. 

 New foci of the diseases have been created in this manner. Serious 

 damage by L. monacha has also been observed during 1918-1920 in 

 the forests of Belgian Limburg, though the attack was less severe 

 than in Czecho-Slovakia ; in Belgium the underwood was not injured. 

 It has been suggested that the young plantations should be pro- 

 tected by lead arsenate sprays, and that mixed stands should be grown. 

 The question whether tree-trunks with their bark on should be per- 

 mitted entry into France from Czecho-Slovakia is discussed. L. inonacha 



