produced occasionally a little scorching of the fruit owing to rapid 

 evaporation during the hottest hours of the day in the summer months. 

 The method of organising the campaign and of spraying the trees 

 (some of which, on steep slopes, were difficult to treat) is described. 

 Four treatments were given in early June, towards the end of July, 

 end of August and end of September. The success obtained was 

 be5'ond expectation, the value of the crop saved in the Pelion district 

 alone being calculated at over ;£514,000 (13,000,000 drachmae, at par). 



The author is convinced that the best means of combating injurious 

 insects is the biological method, and to this end scientific men in various 

 countries are endeavouring to find insect enemies of D. oleae that 

 could be estabhshed in Europe. At the same time technical methods 

 should be studied, improved wherever possible and maintained as 

 auxiliary measures. 



Local reports from the different districts where spra5dng was carried 

 out are appended, with estimates of the cost of the treatments and 

 of the increased production and profits arising therefrom. 



Hirst (S). On some new or little known Acari, mostly parasitic in 

 Habit.— Pwc. Zool. Soc, London., 1921, pt. 2, June 1921, 

 pp. 357-378, 15 figs. 



The new genus Acarapis is proposed for Tarsoneniiis woodi, Rennie 

 [7?..4.£"., A, ix, 275, 338], infesting the honey bee, and the structural 

 differences between it and Tarsonemns are described. 



ScHEiDTER (F.). Das Tannensterben im Frankenwalde. [The Dying 

 of Silver Firs in the Frankenwald.] — Natnrn'. Zeitschr. ForsL- u. 

 Landw., Stuttgart, xvii, no. 3, March 1919, pp. 69-90. 



The dying-back of silver firs in the Frankenwald is considered to 

 be due to close planting ; this encourages the attacks of fungi and 

 insect pests, of which Pissodes piceae. III., Ips ciirvidens, Germ., 

 and Cryphalus piceae, Ratz., have much increased. Other common 

 pests are Sirex angnr, S. noctilio, Xyloterus lineatiis and Hylecoetus 

 dermestoides. 



P. piceae, which is the most important, chiefly attacks trees aged 

 from 40 to 80 years. 



Jabloxowski (J.). A bor-vagy eezetmuszlicza. [The Wine or Vinegar 

 Flv.] — Termeszettudomdnvi Kozlony, Budapest, liii, no. 111-11 A, 

 15th October 1921, pp. 269-281, 6 figs. 



The synonymy of Drosophila melanogaster , Mg. {oenophila, Lw.*), 

 is discussed. This fly is very common and occurs everywhere, 

 usually swarming in fermenting substances. 



The e^g and larval stages are described. In summer the life-cycle 

 occupies twelve days, but in winter, even in partly heated buildings, 

 it lasts 60-70 days or more. The larva does not feed on fermenting 

 or decomposing matter itself, but upon the jelly-like layer that covers 

 such substances, owing to the presence of a yeast or other micro- 

 organism. It develops in liquids only when they are thick enough, 

 or covered by a film such as that produced in vinegar-making by 

 Mycoderma. The larvae feed on the organism concerned in this 

 process, and are partly submerged in the fluid, but with the tracheae 



[* This name is apparently a slip for ampelophila, Lw. — Ed.] 



