issuing from the film. The bionomics of these larvae are discussed 

 at length. These facts explain the constant occurrence of this fly 

 in the fermentation of dough when bread is being baked, as made 

 in Hungary, as well as its presence in wine-cellars that are not kept 

 properly clean. 



The author explains the phenomenon called by the French " vin 

 cochylise," i.e., the occurrence of diarrhoea among the workers in 

 vineyards during or before the vintage. This used to be erroneously 

 attributed to excessive eating of grapes, and latterly to the fact that 

 they are dusted with copper sulphate and lime. The fact is that 

 D. )neIa7io^asier is the actual carrier of this infection and convevs the 

 various organisms concerned from human excreta to the ripenmg 

 grapes, while from infected bunches of grapes to others they are carried 

 by the larvae of the two vine-moths, Clysia [ambigueUa\ and Poly- 

 chrosis [hotrana], which attack the vine in Hungary. 



Jabloxowski (J.). A gyumolcsoskert vedelme az eloskodok ellen. 



[The Protection of Orchards against Pests.] — Budapest, Patria 

 Pubg. Co., 2nd Edn., 1921, 164 pp., 24 figs. 



In this work, divided into tw^elve chapters, the methods of pro- 

 tecting orchards from insect pests throughout the 3^ear are dealt 

 with. Considerable space is devoted to the methods of spraying 

 to be adopted and to various insecticides, including the use of com- 

 bined sprays against insects and fungi. Special attention is given 

 to the woolly aphis [Eriosonia lanigcruni] and other Aphids, codling 

 moth [Cydia pomonella] and winter moth [Cheimatobia brumata], 

 and the final chapter is devoted to cockchafers [Melolontha melolontha] 

 and their control. 



ToxDUZ (A.). Remigia rcpanda (Gusaiios de Pasto). [Rcmigia 

 repanda, the Grass Moth.] — Bol. Agric. Ind. & Com., Guatemala, 

 i, no. 3, July 1921, pp. 109-112. [Received 1st November 1921.] 



Spraying is not recommended against the grass moth, Remigia 

 punctularis {repanda), because insecticides and the requisite apparatus 

 are too costly for use in Guatemala. The larvae of this Noctuid 

 may be collected or crushed ; trenches containing lime will trap and 

 kill large numbers, besides affording protection against invasion. 



Berti-Ceroxi (A.). Un Endofago della Tignola del Grano. [An 



endophagous Parasite of the Grain Moth.] — L'Umbria Verde, 

 Spoleto, X, no. 4, October 1921, pp. 50-51. 



This note records the author's discovery of a Chalcid parasite of 

 Sitotroga cerealella, Oliv., which lays from six to eight eggs in the 

 larvae of the moth. The presence of this Chalcid in grain ma}' be 

 taken as an indication that the moth is very numerous. Under 

 certain conditions it has checked a severe infestation. A skin eruption 

 that has been attributed to it is due to the presence of the Acarid, 

 Pedicidoides ventricosus. 



GowDEY (C. C). The Fall Army Worm, Laphygma frugiperda , S. & A. 

 — Jamaica Dept. Agric, Kingston, Ent. Circ. 4, 1921, 4 pp. 



There was an extensive outbreak of the fall army worm {Laphygma 

 frugiperda, S. & A.) in Jamaica in 1920. This Noctuid is indigenous 

 to the United States and South America, being most abundant in 



