68 



Honey was substituted for molasses, 14 per cent, less of the former being 

 used on account of its greater sweetness. The formula used was : 

 water lU- gals., honey 38 lb., borate of .soda 2 lb., boric acid 2 lb., 

 anhydrous sodium arsenite 2 lb. One trap [R.A.E., A, ii, 289] pei 

 tree was used, and it was found that an operator working a sprayer, 

 such as is employed in treating vines with copper sulphate, could 

 spray 200 traps per hour, the contents of a spray-tank (22| pints) 

 sufficing for 215 traps. The schedule was arranged for the appUcation 

 to be repeated on 8th July, 18th August, 20th September, and 8th 

 and 28th October. As had been foreseen, the heavy rains in spring 

 had destroyed many pupae, so that D. oleae was not very abundant, 

 but in any case these ohve trees remained untouched by the fly, 

 whereas other properties, where measures were neglected, suffered 

 some loss. The inclusive cost worked out at about 4hd. per tree, 

 and this figure could be reduced if the necessary material were bought 

 co-operatively. Urahte tiles were used to roof the traps. 



Phillip.? (E. F.). U.S. Bur. Ent. The Future of Bee Disease Control. 



— //. Econ. Ent., Geneva, N.Y., xiv, no. 4, August 1921, pp. 



31.7-323. [Received 5th December 1921.] 

 The existing conditions with regard to bee disease control are 

 reviewed, and recommendations are made for future work. If the 

 State laws are changed, they should provide for the elimination of 

 the police powers of the persons appointed under the law and .the 

 placing of this work under the supervision of the extension division 

 of the agricultural colleges of the several States. 



Frost (S. W.). Late-feeding Larvae injurious to Apple in Penn- 

 sylvania, including several new injurious Species. — //. Econ. Ent., 

 Geneva, N.Y., xiv, no. 4, August 1921, pp. 324-328, 2 charts. 

 [Received 5th December 1921.] 



Recent investigations have shown that over 50 per cent, of leaf-roller 

 injury to picked fruit is due to late-feeding species, and occurs two or 

 three weeks prior to picking time. The insects primarily concerned 

 in Southern Pennsylvania are Tortrix {Archips) rosaceana, Harr. 

 (obhque-banded leaf-roller), Eulia velutinana, Wlk. (red-banded leaf- 

 roller), and Amorbia linmerosana, Clem. Of these, E. velutinana, which 

 resembles E. quadrifasciana. Fern., on apples from New York State, 

 causes most of the late injury. Stenoma algideUa, Wlk., is also common 

 and widely distributed in Pennsylvania. Other moths responsible 

 for damage are Eucosma {Tmetocera) ocellana, Schiff. (eye-spotted 

 bud-moth), Platynota [Sparganothis) idaeusalis, Wlk., Cydia (Carpo- 

 capsa) pomonella, Clem. (codHng moth), C. {Laspeyresia) pntnivora, 

 Walsh (lesser apple worm), and Recurvaria nanella, Hb. Tests for 

 the control of these moths show that the use of lead arsenate in the 

 dormant and delayed dormant sprays is important. Injury can also 

 be greatly reduced by regular and thorough spraying in the early 

 spring. Liquid sprays have proved to be more satisfactory than 

 dusts. 



Lathrop (F. H.) & Black (A. B.). Studies of Sanninoidea opalescens, 

 Edw., in Oregon. — Jl. Econ. Ent., Geneva, N.Y., xiv, no. 4, 

 August 1921, pp. 328-336. [Received 5th December 1921.] 



The bulk of the information contained in this paper on Aegeria 

 {Sanninoidea) opalescens ha.s already been noticed [R. A.E., A,ix, 163]. 



