Ill 



LicHTENSTEiN (J. L.). Lc Bombyx Cul-dor6 ou Cul-brun [Nygmia 

 phaeorrhoca ^ Euproctis chyvsoyyJioea). — Progres Agric. et Vitic, 

 Montpellier, Ixxvii, no. 1, 1st January 1922, pp. 12-18, 1 plate. 



The food-plants of Nygmia phacorrhoea (brown-tail moth) in France 

 are chiefly Rosaceae, including fruit trees, such as apple, pear and 

 plum, and sometimes cherries. Hawthorn and blackthorn hedges are 

 also chosen for oviposition. Among forest trees, oaks are the first 

 attacked, but many other deciduous trees become infested, such as hazel, 

 beech, elm, hme, chestnut, etc. In the south of France shrubs and 

 evergreen oak are also attacked. Conifers are immune. The hfe- 

 history of this moth and the damage it does are described. In France 

 it never becomes of great importance, its activities being largely 

 limited by parasites, while the numbers can easily be reduced by 

 destroying the nests in winter. The destruction of these by 20th 

 February is required by law. 



McCoLLocH (J. W.). Summer Control of the Chinch "Rug.— Kansas 

 Agric. Expt. Sta., Manhattan, Circ. 87, May 1921, 8 pp., 3 figs. 

 [Received 4th January 1922.] 



The chinch bug [Blissus leucoptenis, Say] appeared in destructive 

 numbers in Kansas in 1920 after six years absence — wheat and maize 

 being attacked. Practically no mortality occurred during hibernation 

 in 1920-21 owing to the mild and dry winter, and a serious outbreak 

 was therefore expected in 1921. The summer remedial measures, such 

 as dust and oil barriers, are described [R. A.E., h.,n, 226]. 



Parker (J, R.), Strand (A. L.) & Seamans (H. L.). Pale Western 

 Cutworm {Porosagrotis orthogonia, Morr.). — //. Agric. Res., 

 Washington, D.C., xxii, no. 6, 5th November 1921, pp. 289-321, 

 4 plates. 



Porosagrotis orthogonia, Morr., is considered to be the most dangerous 

 of all the western grain cutworms, and caused serious injury in Montana 

 from 1915 to 1920. The history and distribution of this moth are 

 described. The seasonal history is recorded for 1919 and 1920 [ 

 R.A.E., A, iv, 346], and the number of eggs and the incubation 

 period are shown in tables. 



One of the reasons that make P. orthogonia such a dangerous pest 

 is the unusually long period of larval feeding, which extends until 

 mid- June, and has even been observed until 10th July. The cutwonn 

 almost invariably attacks the plant below the surface of the ground, 

 and, contrary to former records, the authors have never known it 

 to feed or even to appear above ground, except in rare instances 

 immediately^ following rain. Migration seldom occurs, even when the 

 food supply becomes exhausted. When this happens, the larva simply 

 remains where it is, perhaps for several weeks, without feeding or 

 growing to any extent. Cases have occurred of fields that had been 

 entirely destroyed being resown after a week or two, and the new- 

 grain as it came up being again destroyed by the cutworms that had 

 remained in the field since the winter wheat had been destroj^ed some 

 three weeks previously. 



The usual food-plants in Montana are winter and spring wheat, 

 oats, barlev, rve, flax and lucerne. In the insectary, larvae have fed 



