122 



observed that the outside rows were more infested than those in the 

 centre of the fields. Fields carefully cultivated and kept free from 

 weeds showed considerably less infestation. 



Paoli (G.). Intorno alia Laspeyresia molesta, Busck (la " Tignola 

 orientale del Pesco ") all'Estero e in Italia. [On Cydia molesta, 

 the Oriental Peach Moth, abroad and in Italy.] — L'Agric. Colon., 

 Florence, xv, no. 12, 1st December 1921, pp. 572-576, 1 plate. 



With reference to the recent introduction of Cydia molesta, Busck, 

 into Italy [R.A.E., A, x, 81] infonnation is given on the spread of 

 this Tortricid in Japan, Korea, Australia and the United States. 

 The morphology and biology of the various stages are briefly dealt 

 with, and the injury done and the measures against it are described. 

 It is only during the past six or seven years that withering of the 

 tips of peach branches has been observed in Liguria, but the moth 

 must have been imported some time previously. It may possibly 

 occur on the French Riviera. 



Other peach pests mentioned are Anarsia lineatella, Z., and Cydia 

 [Carpocapsa) pomonella, L. 



MoLz (E.). Versuche zur Ermittlung des Einflusses ausserer Faktoren 

 auf das Geschlechtsverhaltnis des Riibennematoden {Heterodera 



schaclitii, A. Schmidt). [Experiments to determine the Influence 

 of External Factors on the proportionate Abundance of the 

 Sexes of the Beet Nematode, H. schachtii.] — Landw. Jahrbilcher, 

 liv, 1920, pp. 769-791, 2 figs., 3 plates. (Abstract in Zeitschr 

 PJlanzenkr., Stuttgart, xxxi, no. 7-8, 1921, pp. 257-258.) 



Abundant manuring with substances rich in nitrogen and in humus 

 favours a preponderance of females of Heterodera schachtii, Schmidt. 

 This explains their abundance in places where Solanmn nigrum 

 flourishes. The number of males is increased by a marked excess of 

 manuring, and, on the other hand, all conditions that impoverish the 

 soil have the same result. The variety of the plant also exercises a 

 great influence ; sugar-beet favours the females. This Nematode 

 becomes injurious when there has been a succession of crops in rotation 

 that are favourable to it. 



Miller (D.). The Gall Chalcid o£ Blue-Gum.— A'. Z. Jl. Agric, 

 Wellington, xxiii, no. 5, 21st November 1921, p. 282, 4 figs. 



Blue-gum trees {Eucalyptus globulus) are often found to be dead 

 or dying as a result of attack by a new species of gall Chalcid of 

 the genus Rhicnopeltella. This insect occurs in most parts of New 

 Zealand. The adults emerge in the summer months and may be 

 found in large numbers on the bark of infested trees. The larvae 

 live in small cells in the sap-wood, immediately beneath the 

 bark, causing the latter to develop abnormally, with a series of 

 swellings on the surface. The infested twig or branch soon shows 

 a gnarled appearance and eventually dies. The tree throws out new 

 growth, but this is attacked by the larvae of the next generation, 

 so that finally the whole tree is killed. The full-grown larvae pupate 

 in the cells beneath the bark, from which the adults escape through 

 minute holes. 



