143 



Reichling ( — ). Die BuchenwoUaus, Cryptococcns fagi, Barenspr., 

 in Westfalen sowie iiber ihre Bekampfung. [The Beech Scale, 

 C. fagi, in Westphalia and its Control] — Jahresher. tvesif. Provin- 

 zialver. f. Wiss. u. Kiinst., Miinster, no. 47-48, 1920, pp. 15-17. 

 (Abstract in Ccntmlhl. Bakt. Paras. Infekt., Jena, lite Abt., Iv, 

 no. 14-20, 18th January 1922, p. 415.) 



From 1909 to 1914 Cryptococcns fagi, Bar., was abundant in the 

 Sauerland district ; no important outbreak has been observed in the 

 flat portion of Westphaha in recent years. This scale prefers soft- 

 barked trees and is more abundant in the interior of a beech stand 

 than at the edges. The trees are seldom killed by C. fagi itself, but 

 infestation by the scale renders them susceptible to other enemies 

 and diseases. Injured trees are attacked by Xylotervis {Tomiciis) 

 domesticus, Lymexylon dermestoides, and a fungus, Nectria ditissima. 

 Painting with a nicotine-resin-soap mixture gives good results. 



Geschwind ( — ). Die in den Schwarzkiefernsaatkampen des Karstes 

 auftretenden schadliehen Insekten und Pilze sowie die Mittel zu 

 ihrer Abwehr. [The Injurious Insects and Fungi occurring in 

 Black [Austrian] Pine Nurseries in the Karst Region and Methods 

 for combating them.] — Wien. allgem. Forst- u. Jagdzeitg, xxxix, 

 1921, pp. 29-30. (Abstract in Centralbl Bakt. Paras. Infekt., 

 Jena, lite Abt., Iv, no. 14-20, 18th January 1922, pp. 418-419.) 



Afforestation in the Karst region is chiefly effected with two-year- 

 old seedlings of Austrian pine grown in permanent or temporary 

 nurseries. The usual pests found in Central European forests occur 

 and injure both the seedlings and the two-year-old plants. To guard 

 against them the spaces between the seed drills are covered with 

 strips of turf sods, cut so as to be triangular in section, and turned 

 upside down ; the drills are about f inch from the edges of such strips 

 on either side, so that the plants are in a sort of gutter, the sloping 

 sides of which are formed by the sods. As these sides harden cock- 

 chafers [Melolontha] no longer oviposit on them and the seedlings 

 in the drill are so close that these pests cannot creep in. Mole-crickets 

 abandon such nurseries because they are unable to make their sloping 

 galleries there. The fungus, Ftisaritim, does not attack plants where 

 the lowest air strata are in motion, a condition which exists in nurseries 

 arranged as here described. 



Barbey (A.). Die Rindenlaus der Weisstanne. [The Bark Louse of 

 the Silver Fir.] — Scluceiz. Zcitschr. Forstic, Ixxii, 1921, pp. 147.- 

 151, 1 plate (Abstract in Centralbl. Bakt. Paras. Infekt., Jena, 

 lite Abt., Iv, no. 14-20, p. 420.) 



Chermes {Dreyfusia) piceae, C.B., said by Niisslin to be only a 

 form of C. (D.) niisslini, C.B., has no summer larvae on the needles, 

 and no sexual generation ; the spring migrants produce latent larvae 

 and wingless females. There are no stem-mothers. In 1920, silver 

 flrs, 40-80 years old, in both mixed and unmixed stands in the forests 

 •of Argovie, Switzerland, died as a result of the drying of the wood 

 following splitting of the bark ; this was probably due to the abstrac- 

 tion of sap by the larvae. The remedy advised is spraying with a 

 solution containing 1,400 parts water, 30 nicotine, and 100 soap. 

 If the Aphids are not too high up in the crown, the larvae may be 

 scrubbed off. 



