147 



45°-50° C. [1 13°-122' F.j. The ground may be fumigated with carbon 

 "bisulphide or formol, or it may be burnt over. The tubers should be 

 washed with a solution of potassium sulphide, 1 oz. in 3 gals, water, 

 and this is also valuable against the fungi accompanying this Acarid. 



TowNSEND (C. H. T). [Report on Entomological Work in 1920 in 

 the State of S. Paulo.}— i?o/. A^yic, S Paulo, xxii, no. 1-2 

 Januar\--February 1921, pp. 17-20. [Received February 1922.] 



The first shipment of N^ovius {Vedalia) cardinalis to reach S. Paulo 

 was obtained from South Africa. This was followed by collections from 

 Italy and Uruguay, and this Coccinellid being now firmly established, 

 the fluted scale, Icerya purchasi, Mask., will soon be eradicated. 

 Parasitic flies have been studied, especially with a view to checking 

 Atfa sexdens and the pink boUworm [Platyedra gossypiella, Saund.]. 

 There appears to exist in Brazil a fly very similar to Tortriciophaga 

 tortricis, which parasitises P. gossypiella in the United States and 

 Mexico. A pest that first appeared in small -numbers, but has spread 

 among maize and cotton, is a bug, Nysins sirmdans. 



Tow'NSEND (C. H. T.). A Formiga Saliva. [Atta sexdens, L.l — Bol. 

 Agric, S. Paulo, xxii, no. 3-4, March-April 1921, pp. '58-73. 

 [Received February 1922.] ^^' 



This is a popular account of Atta sexdens, L , which is a very injurious 

 ant in Brazil, and of the measures advocated against it. The best 

 results are obtained with fumigation, for w^hich purpose hj'drocyanic 

 acid is considered to be the most efficient agent. 



TJma Cochonilha da Herva Mate, Ceroplastes sp. [A Scale, Cero- 

 plast.es sp., attacking the Mate Shrub.] — Chacaras e Quintaes, 

 S. Paulo, xxiv, no. 6, 15th December 1922, pp. 467-468, 1 fig. 



A scale belonging to the genus Ceroplastes has been discovered 

 attacking the mate shrub [Ilex paraguensis] 'in the Brazilian State 

 of Parana. Spraying with kerosene soap emulsion is the remedy 

 advocated, an alternative being scrubbing the infested parts with 

 soap solution. If the scale increases rapidly, it will be necessary to 

 cut down and burn the infested plants. 



C. V. Contro la Tignuola dell' Uva. [Against the Vine Moth.] — Riv. 

 Agric, Parma, xxvii, no. 2, 13th ^January 1922, pp. 21-22. 



In the districts around Parma the vine moth [Sparganothis pilleriand] 

 pupates about 15th July, the adults appearing ten or twelve days 

 later. Oviposition occurs in the following fortnight, and the larvae 

 hatch about 20th August and hibernate, feeding again in spring. 

 In dry weather hot water may be poured on the stocks w^hen the 

 vines begin to bud, as at that time the larvae are issuing from their 

 winter quarters. The pupae may be asphyxiated with sulphurous 

 acid or with a mixture of water and hydrochloric acid. The stocks 

 should be scraped, the old bark being burned. Other measures include 

 working the soil, removal of the leaves near the grapes, and spraying 

 (up to August) with a lime-copper solution to which arsenious acid 

 or .sodium arsenite has been added. 



