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the hard epidermis and dies on the surface. After 3-5 days the 

 larva approaches the leaf-edge, which it rolls up. About seven daj'S 

 after hatching it moves to the mid-rib of this or another leaf and 

 gnaws a hole in it, thus partly cutting off the sap. In 55 out of 79 

 cases observed the larva left the mined leaf and rolled another one. 

 Pupation takes place in a cocoon on the lower surface of a leaf. The 

 larval stage lasts 10-14 days and the pupal stage 9-13 days. In 

 captivity the moth remains on the underside of a leaf, and the author, 

 who never saw one in the plantations, believes it to be nocturnal in 

 habit. With moths mated in captivity the largest number of eggs 

 obtained from one female was 275. The maximum life observed was 

 25 days. 



Eggs of C. leucostoma were obtained from a female captured in the 

 field; reared specimens refused to pair in captivity. At Tjibodas 

 (4,600 feet) the egg-stage lasts 8-10 days. The first damage done 

 by the newly hatched larva is often a minute hole at the base of the 

 very young folded leaves. Later on some almost invisible threads of 

 silk which connect their edges are the only signs of infestation. The 

 growing caterpillar binds the leaves still further so as to hinder their 

 development. At Buitenzorg the larval stage is estimated to last 

 20 days. The larva forms an envelope between two leaf edges in 

 which it pupates. The pupal stage lasts 10-14 days. The moth is 

 mainly diurnal in its habits. At Buitenzorg a generation requires 

 about five weeks, and about eight at Tjibodas. 



Other food-plants of these two moths are Schima noronhea and 

 probably also Phvllanthus sp. for G. theivora, and Camellia lanceolata 

 (wild tea) and probably also Eurya japonica for C. leucostoma. Further 

 investigations are desirable. 



It would seem that the sexes of Homona coffearia (tea tortrix) are 

 known in European collections as two different species, the male as 

 H. coffearia, Nietn., and the female as H. menciana, Wlk.* As both 

 were reared by the author out of the same batch of eggs, laid by 

 females {menciana), which were fertilised by males [coffearia), there is 

 no longer any doubt that the light female and the dark male belong 

 to one species. The offspring obtained always consisted of dark males 

 and light females. H. coffearia attacks young, soft leaves as well as 

 old ones. The average times of development were six days for the egg- 

 stage, 24 for the larva, and six for the pupa, giving an average of 36 

 days at Buitenzorg. The larvae were also found on Nephelium, and 

 there must be many other food-plants in Java. Species alhed to 

 Homona that have been found on tea are Tortrix [Cacoecia) micaceana, 

 Moore, and Argyroploce erotias, Meyr. A. phaeopelta, Meyr., injures 

 Schima noronhea, which is alhed to tea. The pupa of Sylepta (Botys) 

 tardalis, SnelL, has been found on tea. 



Figures and provisional descriptions are given of the many natural 

 enemies of these moths. A beetle and its larva {Callida sp.) 

 devour the larvae. A wasp, probably Odynerus sp., breaks into the 

 leaves rohed by C. leucostoma. Some of the parasites, comprising 

 new species of Microcentrus, Mestocharella, Microbracon and Diaii- 

 lomella, will be described. Others include Asympiesella indi, Gir. It 

 is possible that H. coffearia in Java and C. leucostoma and G. theivora 

 in British India and Ceylon are checked by parasites not present in 

 the other region. 



Of the three methods employed against rollers, plucking infested 

 leaves, removing larvae, and destroying the larvae in situ, only the 



* [H. coffearia differs in both sexe.s from H. menciana; %ve have no reUable 

 evidence that the former species occurs in Java. — Ed.] 



