298 



Philephedra hroadwayi seems to be known only in Grenada, where it 

 has probably been present for the past 25 years, and where it is asso- 

 ciated with a condition of the cacao trees in which enormous numbers 

 of flowers are produced on greatl\- enlarged and distorted cushions, 

 which bear very few pods. It is often the only mealybug on these 

 cushions, where it occurs in great numbers, and may be the direct 

 cause of the lack of bearing. Various remedial measures are being 

 tested, but have not as yet yielded any definite results. 



SwENK (M. H.). Insect Pests of Stored Grains and their Control. — 



Nebraska Agric. Expt. Sta.. Lincoln, Circ. 15, February 1922, 

 14 pp., 8 figs. 

 A brief account is given of the insects that injure stored grain in 

 Nebraska. These include Coleoptera, Calandra granaria, C. oryzae, 

 Tenebroides maiiritanicits, Silvaniis surinamensis, Cathartus advena, 

 C. gemellatus, Laemophloeits mimitus, Tribolinm conftiswn, Caenocorse 

 ratzeb'urgi, Alphitophagus hifasciatiis, Tenebrio molitor and T. obscitrus ; 

 and Lepidoptera, Sitotroga cerealella, Plodia interpunctella, Ephestia 

 kuhniella, Pyralis farinalis, and occasionally Celama sorghiella and 

 Tineola bisellieUa. The usual methods of control are advocated, 

 including preventive measures, fumigation and heat. 



Chapoulie (P.). Pratique de la Lutte centre les Altises. — Rev. Agric. 

 Afr. Nord., Algiers, xx, no. 139, 31st March 1922, pp. 203-206. 



Liquid insecticides are considered the only practical and efficient 

 method for treating vineyards where Haltica is present in large 

 numbers. In Algeria, preference is given to soluble arsenic salts, 

 generally sodium arsenate, but this substance used alone causes some 

 scorching of the buds and young leaves, and is therefore frequently 

 used in the proportion of H lb. to 100 gals, of Bordeaux mixture. 

 The author recommends the use of calcium arsenate, by mixing \\ lb. 

 h3''drated lime in a solution containing H lb. sodium arsenate, increasing 

 the volume to 100 gals, b}^ the addition of water. The efficacy of these 

 sprays depends largely upon the moment and method of their applica- 

 tion. Essential points in successful spraying are promptness in dis- 

 covering infestation and in treating the infested area. The spray 

 should be applied very early in the morning, while the insects are 

 still in shelter. If the adults have not been successfully killed off 

 and larval infestation follows, this is more difficult to deal with, and 

 two spray applications must be given, one directed upwards and the 

 other sending the spray in all directions. Further applications should 

 be made if the young terminal leaves are found to be infested in July 

 or August. 



DE Seabra (A. F.). Etude sur les Maladies et les Parasites du Cacaoyer 

 et d'autres Plantes cultivees a S. Thome, xi. Les grandes Especes 

 d'Insectes ravageurs des vieux Arbres a S. Thome. — Lisbon, Com- 

 panhia .A.gricola Ultramarina, 1921, pp. 3-8, 3 plates. [Received 

 4th April 1922.] 



The insects that are found working in trunks of old trees are usually 

 considered of minor importance, but it is pointed out that the indirect 

 injury caused by the wounds that form such a favourable medium 

 for fungous diseases is very great, and also that the old appearance 

 of the trunks is frequently the result of insect attack, and is not 

 indicative of the age of the tree. 



