370 



Grnd., Sycobiella monstruosa, Grnd., Terastiozoon jacobsoni, Grnd., and 

 Micrognathophora leptoptera, Grnd. Separate keys are given to the 

 sexes of the above genera and to the sexes of the species of Otitesella. 



Grand: (G.). Intorno al Ciclo biologico dell' Aploneitra lentisci, Pass. 

 (Hemiptera — Homoptera — Aphidoidea.) Nota preventiva. [On the 



Biological Cycle of A. lentisci. PreHminary Note.]- — Rend. R. 

 Accad. Naz. Lincei, Rome, Classe sci. fis., mat. e nat., xxx, 

 Ser. 5, Semestre 2, no. 3-4, August 1921, pp. 107-110. 



Aploneitra lentisci, Pass., which belongs to the subfamily Erio- 

 SOMATINAE, has a gall-infesting generation on Pistacia lentiscus and a 

 root-infesting generation on Graminaceae, such as Dactylis glomerata and 

 Anthoxanthumsp. The following forms occur: — Apterous fundatrix ; 

 apterous gall-infestant ; alate migrant ; apterous root-infestant ; 

 sexuparous alate " re-immigrant "; amphigonous male and female 

 (sexuales). At Portici, the first larval fundatrices occur on the 

 young leaves of P. lentiscus about the last ten days of April. Only 

 the fundatrix occurred in galls throughout nearly the whole of May. 

 Each fundatrix produces about 20 larvae, which become apterous 

 gall-infestants. These produce 30-40 larvae, all of which, the author 

 believes, become alate forms that migrate and begin the root-infestation 

 on Graminaceae. By the end of August most of the galls contain the 

 fundatrix, 15-20 apterous adults, and several hundred larvae, pre- 

 nymphs and nymphs of the alate form. The latter migrate and deposit 

 6-8 larvae, which become apterous root-infestants (the " virginogenia " 

 of Borner). The author's observations lead him to conclude that the 

 root-infesting cycle comprises at least three generations. The first 

 sexuparous alate " re-immigrants " appear in April, fly to P. lentiscus, 

 and deposit amphigonous individuals. 



At Portici the two most important enemies of this Aphid are the 

 flies, Pipizella heringi, Zett., and Leucopis paliimhii, Rond. 



ZiLLiG (— ). Schutzgerat beim Verstauben gif tiger Pflanzenschutz- 



mittel. [Protective Appliances for Use when Dusting with 

 Poisons.] — Nachrichtenbl. deutschen Pfianzenschutzdienst, Berlin, 

 ii, no. 4, 1st April 1922, pp. 25-26. 



This article describes briefly various apphances of German manu- 

 facture for guarding the eyes and respiratory organs of operators using 

 poisonous dusts in plant protection work. 



GoRNiTZ (K.). Seifen als Benetzungsmittel. [Soaps as Wetting 

 Agents in Sprays.] — Nachrichtenbl. deutschen Pfianzenschutz- 

 dienst, Berlin, ii, no. 4, 1st April 1922, pp. 26-27. 



In the course of an examination of the alkahne soaps generally 

 used to increase the wetting power of sprays, it was found that the 

 common view that soft water is best for making soap solutions is 

 incorrect. Soft water prevents the production of the lime soap, 

 which dissolves badly in water and therefore results in flocculence and 

 turbidity. In the tests it was found that in the weak solutions usual 

 in practice the increase in wetting power is derived from the formation 

 of this lime soap. By adding lime water to soap solutions (and thus 

 increasing their lime soap content) an even more marked wetting 

 power was attained. It is probable that this power is not due to the 



