412 



KiEFFER (N.). Ueber Heu- und SauerwurmbekampJung mittels 



Pyrethrum. [On combating the First and Second Generations 

 of Vine-moths with Pj^rethrum.] — Luxemhurger Weinztg., 

 Grevemnacher, x, nos. 7-8, 8th-22nd April 1922, pp. 60-63, 75-78. 



Attention is drawn to the increasing cultivation of Chrysanthemum 

 {Pyyethnmi) cineranaefolium in Spain, southern France and Switzerland 

 in view of its value against the vine-moths [Clysia ambigtiella and 

 Polychrosis botrana]. In Switzerland, especially, great advances have 

 been made since 1916 in this application of its insecticidal properties, 

 largely due to the work of Dr. Faes [R.A.E., A, x, 231, etc.]. The results 

 obtained by the latter and by French workers are given, and it is 

 suggested that an attempt be made to grow the plant in Luxemburg. 



Paoli (G.). II Parassita della Bianca-rossa degli Agrumi e la sua 

 Introduzione in Italia. [The Parasite of the Citrus Scale and its 

 Introduction into Italy.] — Reprint from II Coltivatore, Casale 

 Monferrafo, no. 15, 30th May 1922, 7 pp., 2 figs. 



It has been decided to import from Madeira Aspidiotiphagns 

 lounshtiryi, a parasite which there helps in checking Chrysomphalus 

 dictyospermi, the citrus scale that is so injurious in Sicily, on the 

 Italian Riviera, and in other citrus-growing regions of Italy. The 

 author collected parasitised material in Madeira in March 1922, and 

 this has been placed in plantations in Sicily and on the Riviera, some 

 being retained in the laboratory. It is too early to decide whether 

 acclimatisation will be successful, but hundreds of parasites have 

 emerged from the imported material. Large numbers of the scale 

 are destroyed by the plants casting their leaves in spring, but this 

 will not effect such individuals of A. lounsbnryi as may be infesting 

 the scales. 



CoRBETT (G. H.) & YusoPE (M.). Preliminary Notes on the " Kadon- 

 dong " Beetle, Podontia 14-piinctata, Linn. — Agric. Bidl. F.M.S., 

 Kuala Lumpur, ix, no. 3, July-September 1921, pp. 192-200, 

 1 plate. [Received 13th June 1922.] 



The beetle, Podontia qiuitnordecimpunctata, L., was reported in 

 March 1920 as damaging the Otaheite apple or kadondong {Spondias 

 didcis) in Kuala Lumpur, all the leaves having been eaten off some 

 of the trees. The eggs are laid in batches averaging 36 on the lower 

 surface of the leaves, generally near the tips. The 3^oung larvae 

 skeletonise the leaves for the first few days and afterwards migrate 

 to different parts of the plant, eating what is left of the leaves, and 

 depositing their excreta on their bodies as a protection against enemies. 

 When full-grown they construct cocoons of earth and pupate at a 

 depth of 2-6 in. in the soil. The egg stage averages 6-62 days, the 

 larval 13-70 days and the pupal 22-35 days, the average life-cycle 

 thus requiring 42-67 days. Both beetles and larvae feed by day or 

 night, generally on the lower surface of the leaf, and avoid sunlight. 



The only parasite that has been obtained is an unidentified Chalcid 

 parasitic on the egg. This insect is capable of ovipositing in its host 

 three hours after emergence. In captivity the parasite lives about 

 nine days. Only one parasite, as a rule, emerges from one egg of the 

 beetle. 



While the beetles and grubs are feeding on the leaves a spray of 21b. 

 lead arsenate to 50 gals, water is sufficient practically to exterminate 



