438 



borer [Phloeotyibus oleae]. In Palencia, Haltica ampelopJiaga infested 

 vines to such a degree as to make official measures necessary. Aglaope 

 infausta infested fruit-trees in ZamiDra, and Phylloxera radicicola and 

 Mayetiola destructor occurred in Saragossa. 



Galli-Valerio (B.). Parasitologische Untersuchungen und Beitrage 

 zur parasitologischen Technik. [Parasitological Researches and 

 Technique.] — Centralbl. Bakt. Paras. Infektionskr., Jena, lite. 

 Abt., Ivi, no. 14-16, 20th June 1922. pp. 344-347. 



The larvae of Anthrenus scropliiilariae, L., were found to resist 

 starvation for ten months. Calandra granaria survived a fast of two 

 months. 



In 1921, grasshoppers, Arcyptera {Stethophyma) fiisca. Pall., died 

 in large numbers in the Canton of Valais of an epizootic, probably- 

 due to a heavy intestinal infestation by a Gregarine, apparently a 

 variety of Gregarina acridiorum, Leger. 



Baudys (E.). hrbaci osennim ci strevici obilnim. [On Zabrus 

 gibbus.] — Casopis Ceskoslov. spolecn. entomol., xvii, 1921, pp. 32-34. 

 (Abstract in Centralbl. Bakt. Paras. Infektionskr., Jena, lite. Abt., 

 Ivi, no. 14-16, 20th June 1922, pp. 350-351.) 



The larvae of the Carabid, Zabrus gibbus [tenebrioides), do most 

 harm at the edges of fields. The damage is more severe on heavy ground 

 than on sandy soil, and is most marked where one grain crop follows 

 another. The adult beetles live until the following spring ; according 

 to the author they are diurnal as well as nocturnal, and can be found 

 feeding on tender grain in broad daylight. Towards autumn they 

 attack the young seed just as the larva does. Preventive measures 

 are the rotation of crops — peas, potatoes, etc., being grown as well as 

 grain ; thorough harrowing in autumn or spring ; and manuring with 

 crushed kainit before rain or with kainit dissolved in liquid manure. 



Savastano (G.). L'AgrumicoItura sorrentina durante il Periodo 



1915-1921. [Citrus Cultivation in the Peninsula of Sorrento 

 from 1915 to 1921.] — Ann. R. Staz. Speriment. Agrum. e Fruttic, 

 Acireale, v (1919-21), 1922, pp. 160-185, 6 plates. 



The following insect pests of Citrus occurred in the Peninsula of 

 Sorrento during 1915-21 : — Lepidosaphes beckii, Newm., which was 

 found in all the plantations, but never attained serious proportions ; 

 Aspidiottis hederae, Vail., which has spread considerably of recent 

 years, sometimes attacking the fruit severely ; Chrysomphalus dictyo- 

 spermi, Mask., which has spread slightly ; Pseudococcus citri, Riss., 

 which has increased to some extent, especially in sheltered situations, 

 but is not of continuous occurrence, as it is destroyed in cold years ; 

 leery a purchasi. Mask., which has been observed intermittently, its 

 enemies — Novius cardinalis, Muls., and Chilocorus bipnstulatus , L. — 

 being also seen ; Saissetia oleae, Bern., which is found occasionally, 

 many of the scales being parasitised by Scutellista cyanea, Mot. ; 

 and Toxoptera atirantii, Boy. (lemon aphis), which occurs frequently 

 but is not abundant. 



