443 



Though they are attacked by eight species of Hymenopterous parasites, 

 they sometimes increase to such an extent that all hlac bushes in a 

 district may be disfigured. 



The chief measure consists in picking and burning infested leaves. 

 In winter the pupae may be exposed by breaking up the surface of the 

 soil. A carbolineum spray, applied before the leaf-buds open, may 

 perhaps prevent oviposition. Other food-plants include ash and 

 spindle-tree [Euonymus]. 



Lytta vesicatoria, L. (Spanish fly) does less conspicuous injury, but 

 the damage done by this beetle is balanced by its commercial value, 

 which makes collection remmierative. 



A mite, Eriophyes loewi, Nal., is responsible for checking the 

 development of the leaf -buds and deforming them. The infestation 

 spreads rapidly. The bestremedy consists in removing and immediately 

 burning the deformed shoots in autumn, winter or early spring. The 

 bushes thus treated must be watched for several years for a recurrence 

 of infestation. Lime-sulphur, colloidal sulphur or sulphur dust are 

 likely remedies that require testing. 



Zacher (F). Eingeschleppte Vorratsschadlinge. Gefahren fiir unser 

 Wirtschaftsleben. [Imported Pests of Stored Products. Dangers to 

 our Economic Life.] — Reprint from Die Umschau, Frankfurt a. M., 

 xxvi, no. 5, 1922, 4 pp. 



Few insects occurring in the field in Germany are pests of stored 

 products, most of the latter being of foreign origin. Ephesiia kuhniella, 

 Zell., recorded from Mexico and Guatemala in 1881, appears to be 

 indigenous there. Nipins hololeiicus, Fald., a pest of woollen goods, 

 has its home on the shores of the Black Sea. Ptinus tectus, Boield., 

 comes from Tasmania, and has reached Germany so recently that its 

 economic importance there has not yet been ascertained. With regard 

 to Rhizopertha dominica, F., the author's experience is that Austrahan 

 wheat is generally less infested than that from Argentina, and, more 

 especially, that from India. Other introductions include Caulophilus 

 latinasus, Say, imported with Mexican maize, a rice beetle, Laiheticus 

 oryzae, Wat., and a rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica, Stt. 



H.S. Zur Sauerwurmbekampfung. [On Measures against the Second 

 Generation of Vine-moths.l — Schweiz. Zeitschr. Obst- u. Weinbau, 

 Frauenfeld, xxxi, no. 14, 15th July 1922, pp. 217-219. 



In Switzerland outbreaks of the first generation of the vine moths 

 [Clysia ambiguella and Polychrosis botrana] were local in 1922. Against 

 the second generation, which causes heavier losses owing to direct 

 injury being aggravated by the damage due to rotting grapes, etc., 

 spraying is best undertaken when the larvae are still so small as to 

 be scarcely visible. As many growers do not ascertain the date of the 

 flight period, these measures are rarely taken, and collection must be 

 resorted to as soon as the damage becomes apparent. 



Vernichtet die Kohlweisslingseier und Raupen. [Destroy the Eggs 

 and CaterpiUars of the Cabbage Butterfly.]- -Sf/nmz. Zeitschr. 

 Obst- u. Weinbau, Frauenfeld, xxxi, no. 14, 15th July 1922, 

 pp. 219-220. 



Since the heavy infestation of 1917 [R.A.E., A, vii, 235], the cabbage 

 butterfly [Pieris brassicae] has become scarce in Switzerland owing 



(7392) 2 G 2 



