\ 



456 



fernigineus, Oliv., which effects an entrance by means of the galleries 

 excavated by 0. rhinoceros. Dead palms must be removed and split 

 open length\\ise, the fibrous portion being burnt. A vessel containing 

 water in which a few small fish and other refuse had been placed to 

 decompose for nianurial purposes proved extremely attractive to the 

 beetles. Common salt mixed with the rubbish will repel beetles, and 

 all organic matter intended for use as manure should be treated with it, 

 as it not only repels the beetles, but acts as a fertiliser to the coconut 

 palm. If mechanical sprayers are available, the terminal bud of the 

 psdm can be sprayed with salt w^ater. The larvae can be extracted with 

 a ware hook and the hole closed with clay after a little turpentine or 

 tar has been poured in. 



WoLcoTT (G. X.). Animal Pests o! the Cacao Tree in the Dominican 

 Republic. — -Rev. Agric. Puerto Rico, San Juan, vi, no. 6, 30th 

 June 1921, pp. 11-12. (Abstract in Internat. Rev. Sci. & Pract. 

 Agric, Rome, xii, no. 10. October 1921, pp. 1357-1358.) [Received 

 10th July 1922.] 



When grown on virgin soil, cacao trees in the Republic of Dominica 

 are usually attacked by the larvae of a beetle, Strategns titanns, F., 

 which feed upon the roots ; these pests can be got rid of by carefully 

 and thoroughly cleaning the ground. 



An Aphid, Toxoptera aiirantii, Boy., and a Coccid, Pseudococcus citri, 

 Risso, are more dangerous enemies. The former infests the youngest 

 leaves, the floral buds and the peduncles of the fruits while they are 

 small, and the latter occurs on the peduncles of the flowers and fruits, 

 and even the fruits themselves, with the result that the buds and flowers 

 wither and fall. These pests are protected by an ant, Solenopsis 

 geminata, ¥., and if the latter can be destroyed or prevented by 

 banding from ascending the tree, the Aphids and Coccids soon decrease. 

 As long as cacao trees are allowed to grow close together and are left 

 unpriined, it is useless to spray against these pests. 



Fletcher (T. B.) & Inglis (C. M.). Some Common Indian Birds. 

 No. 14. The Indian Hoopoe {Upupa epops indica). — Agric. Jl. 

 India, Calcutta, xvii, pt. 2, March 1922, pp. 113-118, 1 pi., 1 fig. 



The Indian hoopoe {Upupa epops indica) deserves every en- 

 couragement and protection, as it is an active destroyer of many 

 noxious insects. It feeds chiefly on larvae that it digs out of the ground, 

 including cutworms ; Melolonthids, Anomala sp., and crickets have also 

 been noticed among its food. These birds are protected throughout 

 the year in the greater part of India 



Felt (E. P.). The European Corn Borer. — Cornell Univ. Agric. Coll., 

 Ithaca, K. Y., Extens. Bull. 31, February 1919, revised March 

 1922, pp. 35-48, 2 plates, 5 figs. [Received 7th July 1922.] 



This account of the now well-known pest, Pyrausta nubilalis, Hb., 

 is based largely on special investigations authorised by the New York 

 State Legislature of 1920, and to some extent on the studies of the 

 author as collaborator in the European corn-borer work of the Federal 

 Bureau of Entomology. The infested teriitory in eastern New York 

 covers over 3,078 square miles ; a list of the localities is given. 



