494 



Minor pests of tea include Homona coffearia, which could be greatly 

 reduced if systematic plucking of the folded leaves were practised on 

 all estates where it is numerous. Thosea cervina (slug caterpillar) 

 sometimes causes defoliation of the bushes ; the cocoons should be 

 collected from the bases of the bushes and destroyed. A bagworm, 

 Arbela sp., bores into the stem and feeds on the bark, but does not 

 seem to do much damage. A mite, Eriophyes [Phytoptus) carinatus, 

 was numerous on one estate, but was got rid of by deepening the 

 drains. Many grasshoppers are present on tea estates. Those of the 

 genus Catantops have been recorded as damaging young tea in new 

 clearings. When troublesome they should be destroyed by using a 

 poison bait made in the proportion of 1 oz. Paris green to 1 lb. rice 

 iDran, with 6 bananas and 1 teaspoonful of salt. 



Helopeltis theivora is the chief pest of tea. The necessity for a 

 serious study of this Capsid and of Homona coffearia is urged. 



GossARD (H. A.) & Walton (R. C). Dissemination of Fire Blight. 

 — Ohio Agric. Expt. Sta., Wooster, Buh. 357, March 1922, 

 pp. 83-126, 14 figs. [Received 8th August 1922.] 



It is a well-known fact that fire blight {Bacillus amylovoms) is 

 disseminated by several species of sucking insects, and the spread of 

 the disease can be largely prevented by killing off, early in the season, 

 the Aphids, leafhoppers and other insects that carry it from tree to 

 tree. Insects that have been definitely proved to be carriers include 

 Lygus pratensis (tarnished plant bug), Campy lomma verbasci, Orthotylus 

 flavosparsus, Ilnacora malina, Adelphocoris rapidus, Empoasca mali, 

 Eriosoma lanigerum, Rhopalosiphum prunifolium, Anur aphis roseus 

 and Aphis pomi. There are also other classes of insect that have 

 been known to disseminate the blight, such as Scolytus rugulosus (fruit- 

 tree bark-beetle), Rhynchaenus [Orchestes] pallicornis (apple flea- weevil) 

 and ants accompanying Aphids. Experiments to determine whether 

 the bodies of E. lanigerum or the wax they deposit might be reservoirs 

 for the organism of the disease during the winter, or whether the 

 blight can survive the winter in the intestines of bees, all proved 

 negative. 



GowDEY (C. C). The Resuscitation oJ Decadent Citrus Groves.— 



Jamica Dept. Agric, Kingston, Ent. Circ, no. 7, 1922, 5 pp. 



The most important pests of Citrus in Jamaica are Coccids and 

 Aleurocanthus woghmii (black fly), which has been dealt with fully 

 elsewhere [R.A .E., A, ix, 543]. Of the 16 Coccids the most important are 

 Chionaspis citri (orange snow scale), which attacks the trunks and larger 

 branches, Lepidosaphes heckii (purple or mussel scale), found thickly 

 encrusted on the branches, young twigs, leaves and fruit, and Selenas- 

 pidus articulatus, which attacks the foliage and fruit. _ The most 

 efficient sprays against these scales are kerosene emulsion, lime-sulphur 

 mixture, and Blackleaf 40. 



Hall (W. J.). Observations on the Coccidae of Egypt.— f^^^^^ Minist. 

 Agric, Cairo, Tech. & Sci. Serv. Bull. 22, 1922, 54 pp., 3 plates. 



The species of Coccids occurring iii Egypt that are recorded in this 

 paper number 56, but it is thought probable that over 100 may 

 exist there. A short description is given of each, with a list of the 



