534 



as blue grass and red top are killed. The injury is particularly noticeable 

 on putting greens, where, besides the direct injury to the grass roots, 

 the playing surface is rendered soft and spongy by the burrowing of the 

 insects in the soil. 



The larvae are positively thigmotropic [responsive to touch] to living 

 roots, and, failing these, to stones, sticks or the bottom and sides of 

 breeding cages. 



Frost (S. W.). Exdia mariana, Fernald, a new Apple Feeder in Penn- 

 sylvania and some related Forms on Apple. — J I. Econ. Ent., 

 Geneva, N. Y., xv, no. 4, August 1922, pp. 310-311. 



Eulia mariana, Fern., has been repeatedly found feeding on the foliage 

 and fruit of apple in Pennsylvania, though it is not as abundant as 

 E. velutinana, Wlk., which is even a more serious pest than was at 

 first thought. It has now been found that this latter moth passes 

 the winter in the pupal stage [cf. R.A.E., A, ix, 119] and that there 

 are three complete generations. The larvae of the two species are 

 similar in habits ; the majority of E. mariana passes the winter in the 

 pupal stage, the adults emerging in spring and laying their eggs in 

 masses on the trunks and larger branches of the trees. 



E. quadrijasciana, Fern., a pest of apples in New York, is probably 

 generall}' distributed throughout the north-eastern United States, but 

 has not yet been recorded as injurious in Pennsylvania. 



B[ritton] (W. E.). The European Nitidulid Beetle. — Jl. Econ. Ent., 

 Geneva, N. Y., xv, no. 4, August 1922, p. 311. 



Heterostomus pulicarius, L., has been very injurious to strawberry 

 plantations in Columbia County, and has also been present in other 

 counties in New York State. Individuals have also been collected 

 near Boston and in Connecticut during 1921. 



B[ritton] (W. E.). The Anomalas collected at New Haven, Conn., in 



1920-21.—//. Econ. Ent., Geneva, N. Y., xv, no. 4, August 1922, 

 pp. 311-312. 



Beetles collected on grass and weeds in Connecticut have been 

 identified as Anomala orientalis, Waterh., a native of Japan. In 

 Hawaii, where this species has caused considerable damage to sugar- 

 cane, its numbers have been greatly reduced by the introduction of 

 parasites. 



Baker (A. C). U.S. Bur. Ent. Feeding Punctures of Insects. — //. 



Econ. Ent., Geneva, N. Y., xv, no. 4, August 1922, p. 312. 



Although the feeding of Trialeurodes vaporariorum. West., does not 

 injure the mesophyll cells, they become . enlarged, oedematous and 

 devoid of choroplasts as a result of the reaction of the setal secretion 

 deposited by this whitefly. The reaction apparently varies in different 

 species and different food-plants. As this species in most cases selects 

 the soft bast of the vascular bundle, it should be grouped with the 

 commoner Aphids as to tissue selection, and not with such forms as 

 red spider, which feed on the contents of the epidermal cells or a few 

 cells immediately underlying them. 



