576 



Ordinance No. 8 o£ 1919. An Ordinance to provide for the Destruction 

 of Plant Pests.S eychelles, 18th June 1919. 

 Under the terms of this Ordinance, by which the Governor in 

 Executive Council may, by notice published in the Gazette, specify 

 any insects, parasitic plants or fungi as being pests, Orydes rhinoceros 

 is declared to be a pest, and, by a subsequent notice (No. 4 of 1920) 

 a Lymexylonid beetle, Melitomma insulare, is placed in the same 

 category. 



SwAiNE ( J . M. ) . The Spruce Budworm in Quebec Province.— i4//? A nn. 

 Kept. Quebec Soc. Pvot. Plants 1921-22, Quebec, 1922, pp. 32-39. 



A great outbreak of Tortrix (Harmologa) fumiferana, Clem, (spruce 

 or balsam budworm) developed about twelve years ago in the vast 

 forests of the Province of Quebec. The early distribution and gradual 

 extension of this outbreak is described. The infestation gradually 

 died down, disappearing from New Brunswick, almost the last region 

 to suffer, during 1921, and is at present only active in one region, 

 north of Lakes Quinze and Temiskaming stretching into Ontario. 

 The danger now Is chiefly from fires, which spread rapidly among 

 the dead and dying trees that are left, and from the insects that follow 

 the primary infestation and cause secondary damage. These are 

 Pityokteines sparsiis, Lee. (balsam bark-beetle), which breeds in balsam 

 slash and dying and weakened trees, but rarely, if ever, attacks 

 healthy trees, and Pissodes dubius, Rand, (balsam bark weevil), which 

 does not oviposit in dry trees or old slash, but attacks weakened or 

 not very healthy trees. The sap rot fungus {Armillaria) also kills off 

 many infested trees. 



All possible information has been obtained regarding the factors 

 that determine the rise and fall of budworm attack so that all pre- 

 cautions may be taken against the next outbreak, which will probably 

 not occur for many years. By that time, the percentage of balsam 

 in Ouebec forests will be much higher than during the last attack, 

 and'" therefore it will be essential to have a heavy stand of growing 

 trees, without large areas of mature and overmature timber. All 

 dead, dying or mature balsam should be used as rapidly as is possible. 

 Trees attacked by the secondary pests are generally killed within a 

 year, severely damaged trees showing infestation by turning red at 

 the top. These should be cut down during the winter and put into 

 water in early spring in order to prevent the spread of infestation. 

 Slash should be burnt to destroy P. sparsiis and other boring insects 

 and injurious fungi. These, however, are only accessory measures of 

 control. Direct remedial measures are almost impossible over such 

 a vast area. The application of poison dust by hydro-aeroplane in 

 the initial stages of infestation may be feasible in future outbreaks, 

 when some of the present difficulties may have been surmounted. 

 It is also hoped to establish throughout the eastern forests an intelli- 

 gence system by means of which insect outbreaks may be discovered 

 in their initial stages and investigated, and remedial measures initiated 

 promptly'. 



Dunn (M. B.). A Few Points o£ Interest in connection with Forest 



Entomology.— 74i!A Ann. Kept. Quebec Soc. Prat. Plants 1921-22, 



Quebec, 1922, pp. 42-43. 



It is estimated that in New Brunswick alone, where the main forest 



block covers approximately 100 square miles, the loss in timber due 



