21 



Paris green in normal doses had no effect at all, while favourable 

 results were obtained by sprayings with white arsenic, without any 

 addition of lime, soda, salammoniac, etc., of a strength of 1 lb. of 

 arsenic in 270 gallons or more of water. The same result was also 

 obtained by others in Simbirsk, as well as in Samara. In the latter 

 place, some orchards after having been unsuccessfully sprayed eight 

 times with Paris green, were only saved when the strength of the 

 solution was increased to 1 lb. of green in 54 gallons of water. The 

 failure of the Paris green is attributed to the rains, which occurred after 

 the blossoming of apple trees was over and continued till the middle 

 of June, the insecticide being washed from the trees. It is maintained 

 that a mixture of arsenic and lime is less easily washed off in this way, 

 owing to its lower specific gravity. This composition is also quite 

 harmless to trees, even when used at a strength of 1 lb. to 162 gallons 

 of water, which is the proportion recommended ; even a proportion 

 of 1 lb. to 81 gallons of water caused no scorching of the leaves. It 

 also mixes more uniformly with water and is about one-eighth as 

 costly as Paris green with lime of a corresponding quality. No foreign 

 substances are found in it and it is less poisonous to man than Paris 

 green. 



The author says that his own orchards in Simbirsk, which he has 

 sprayed with this insecticide for the last 15 years, were quite healthy, 

 while all the surrounding ones were more or less seriously damaged. 



Balabanov (M.). 3eJieHb HJlM MblLUbflK-b ? [(Paris) green or arsenic?] 

 — «nporpecCMBHOe CaflOBOflCTBO M OropoflHMHeCTBO.» [Progres- 

 sive Fruit-growing and Market-Gardening\ Petrograd, no. 36, 20th 

 September 1914, pp. 1095-1096. 



The author refers to the foregoing article by Rogozin, and 

 while admitting the usefulness of arsenic in the fight against 

 caterpillars and also its cheapness as compared with Paris green, 

 disputes his statement that Paris green in a normal proportion (| lb. in 

 about 43 gallons of water) is ineffective. In his opinion, this statement 

 requires further investigation before it can be accepted as conclusive, 

 and he points out that the quality of the Paris green used in the 

 instances recorded by Rogozin, as well as the method of the preparation 

 of the insecticide, are not stated, and that in many cases erroneous 

 conclusions as to the effect of Paris green are arrived at owing to the 

 fact that the caterpillars after having been poisoned with Paris green, 

 remain alive for three to four days, but do not take any more food. 

 He has used Paris green for the last 20 years in fighting Hyponomeuta 

 malinelliis and other caterpillars, such as those of Aporia crataegi, 

 Lymantria dispar, etc., in orchards of the governments of Kursk 

 and Charkov, with excellent results, and that there is no reason why 

 the same results should not be obtained in the Volga and elsewhere. 



Ballou (H. a.). Report on the prevalence of some Pests and Diseases 

 in the West Indies during 1913. — West Ind. Bull, Barbados, xiv, 

 no. 3, 21st September 1914, pp. 198-220. 



This report is almost identical with that of the previous year [see 

 this Review, Ser. A, ii, pp. 86-88], a few additional insect pests being 



