being subsequently injured by Cerambycidae and Buprestidae. 

 Control work is similar to that already recommended, except that it is 

 unnecessary to burn the bark. Pinus murrayana, which occurs 

 throughout the interior, is attacked by D. monticolae and D. mur- 

 rmjanae, especially about Sugar Lake, in the Vernon District ; out- 

 breaks can be controlled by the measures already recommended. 



Pseudotsuga mucronata has not been extensively attacked by insects, 

 hwt D. j)sei(dotsugae,Ho-pk., appeared to be its most important enemy. 

 The reddish dust ejected from the entrance tunnels and lodged in 

 the bark fissures distinguishes the trunks infested by it. The broods 

 have not in this case necessarily left the tree by the time the foliage 

 has turned red. D. pseudotsi/gae prefers dying bark, which should be 

 burnt between early October and 1st March. 



The Sitka spruce, which occurs throughout the coast region and 

 on Vancouver Island, is injured by D. obesus, Mannh., and the western 

 spruce gall-louse, Cliermes siynilis, but the latter only causes serious 

 injury where the trees are isolated or in isolated groups. The adults 

 of D. obesus become active in April, and emerge from the bark and 

 attack fresh trees during May and June or later, the larvae pupating 

 during August and September. Outbreaks may be controlled by the 

 destruction of the broods in winter by any of the methods above 

 enumerated. 



Conifers are seriously injured by Gnaihotrichus relusus, Lee, 

 G. sulcatus, Lee, and an undescribed species of the genus Platypus, 

 the Pacific Coast timber-beetle, which is most injurious, as its tunnels 

 penetrate deeper than those of any other species, viz., from six to ten 

 inches, and give off lateral branches. These Ambrosia beetles never 

 enter dry, sapless wood, and logs cut in early autumn dry sufficiently 

 to be protected if piled loosely in the open. There is also little injury 

 when the summer cut is immediately placed in water and the winter 

 <;ut floated before mid- April. Cerambycid and Buprestid beetles 

 do much damage where logs are left out of water for two or more 

 seasons, especially to timber injured by fire. Logs barked within 

 three weeks of cutting will escape damage and, failing this, they should 

 be placed in water within a month from cutting. The paper is accom- 

 panied by a map and excellent illustrations. 



Dammerman (Dr. K. W.). Het Vraagstuk der Fruit-vliegen voor Java. 



[The fruit-fly question in Java.] — Meded. v. d. Afdeel. v. Planten- 

 ziekten, Dept. van Landhouw, Nijv&rheid en Handel, Buitenzorg, 

 no. 8, 1914, 12 pp., 2 pis., 3 figs. 



In this paper the enormous damage which might arise to fruit 

 cultivation in Java by the introduction of the Mediterranean fruit- 

 fly is pointed out as a justification for the Ordinance against the 

 importation of Australian fruits quoted below. 



The life-history of Ceratiiis capitata is given at length, and the Java 

 fruits likely to be attacked, are stated to be as follows : — Pineapples, 

 avocado pears, bananas, persimmon, a species of Eugenia, coffee, 

 mangoes, grenadillas, papaw, Spanish pepper and tomatoes. Rioxa 

 {Trypela) musae, Frogg. (the island fruit-fly), is said to be of less 

 consequence than the former and is only met with in Australia and 

 in the New Hebrides. It is not improbable that R. musae does 



(C115) A2 



