IMPERIAL BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY. 



REVIEW 



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APPLIED ENTOMOLO 



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Paillot (A.). La Mouche du Chou et la Mouche de I'Oignon. [The 

 cabbage fly and the onion fly.] — Bull. Soc. Etude Vulg. Zool. 

 Agric, Bordeaux, xiii, no. 6, June 1914, pp. 89-94, 5 figs. 



The cabbage fly, Chortophila brassicae, and the onion fly, Hylemyia 

 antiqua (some of the many synonyms of which are Anthomyia ceparuiu, 

 Phorbia cejparum and Pegomyia cepetorum), are both of European 

 origin. C. brassicae was recognised as injurious in England in 1840, 

 and its introduction into America dates back to about that time. The 

 onion fly has also been imported into America. The cabbage and 

 onion are their favourite food-plants, but C. brassicae also attacks 

 cauhflowers, broccoli, turnips, radishes, and some wild Cruciferous 

 plants. The onion fly is less polyphagous. The life-cycles of the two 

 insects are very similar. According to Slingerland, four generations 

 occur annually, the number depending on latitude and altitude. 

 Usually the adults hibernate, choosing disused sheds, old bark, etc., 

 for the purpose, though some pupae, generally of the second generation, 

 hibernate also. On hatching, the young larva attacks the smallest 

 of the roots and then passes to the principal one, in the surface of which 

 it bores, avoiding the woody central core, though in radishes and 

 turnips the heart may be reached. The larval stage lasts three or 

 four weeks. Pupation takes place near the host-plant and its period 

 varies from two weeks to three months or more. In Europe, the 

 following natural enemies of these flies have been recorded : — The 

 Braconids, Alysia ruficeps, A. manducator, Opius procerus, Microgaster 

 anthomyiarum, and the Cynipid, Figites anthomyiarum. In 1888, 

 Gillette reported a Cynipid parasite, Cothonaspis {Trybliograplia) sp., 

 which has been found in puparia of the first generation in the United 

 States and Canada. Slingerland mentions a StaphyUnid, Aleochara 

 nitida, and a Trombidium as auxiliary predatory insects. [This paper 

 is incomplete, further issues of the publication not having come to 

 hand from Bordeaux. — Ed.] 



(C115) P. 8C/57. 1500. 1.15. B.&F.Ltd. Gp. 11/3. A 



