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Lepidopterous pests included caterpillars of Papilio jpodalirim, L., 

 damaging the foliage of peaches ; cabbages were seriously damaged 

 by Pieris brassicae, L., from the larvae of which, Anilasta ebenina, 

 Grav., and Apanteles glomeratus, L., were reared ; while Pteromalus 

 puparwn, L., was reared from one pupa of Pieris rajjcie, L. The 

 larvae of Phalera bucephala occurred on lime trees and wintered as 

 pupae. Euproctis chrijsorrhoea, L., has damaged pear trees, and 

 Lymantria dispar, L., about 5 per cent, of apples in one locality, 

 while injury by Malacosoma yieustria, L., was reported from various 

 places. Larvae of Saturnia pyri, SchifE., were occasionally found 

 on fruit trees, and those of Acronycta rumicis, L., on raspberries 

 in July. Great numbers of caterpillars of Euxoa segetum, Schiff., 

 occurred on the experimental fields near Stavropol, the largest number 

 being found on the plot containing potatoes, less on the plot of 

 maize and still less on black fallow, there being apparently two 

 generations. They were parasitised by Macrocentrus collaris, Spin., 

 and Ichneumon sarcitorius, L. The caterpillars of Barathra {Mame- 

 stra) brassicae appear to be specially injurious to late sown cabbage. 

 Chloridea {Heliothis) dipsacea, L., was on the wing in July doing some 

 damage to ripe crops. The caterpillars of Phytometra (Plusia) gamma, 

 L., were found on cabbage and sunflowers. Cossus cossus, L., seriously 

 damaged apple trees in one district. Great damage was caused by 

 Homeosomane bidella, Hb. ; on the experimental field near Stavropol, 

 caterpillars of this pest were found nearly exclusively on the edible 

 varieties of sunflower seeds, those used for oil being practically free 

 from them. The caterpillars of Phlyctaenodes sticticalis, L., have 

 seriously injured lucerne in one locality. Fruit trees were damaged 

 by Cydia {Grapholita) fimebrana, Tr., especially plums and sloes, and 

 C pomonella, L., has done considerable damage to apple trees. 

 Hyponomeuta malinellus, Zell., has been very destructive, as also 

 has H. variabilis, Zell., which totally denuded all the plum and sloe 

 trees in one locality. The caterpillars of Plutella macidipennis {cruci- 

 ferarum, Zell.), which appeared only in small numbers, were heavily 

 infested with Phaiogenes plutellae, Kurdj., and Angitia fenestralis, 

 Holmgr. 



As regards Coleopterous pests, serious damage to millet in the district 

 of Stavropol was caused by Pardileus calceatus, Duft., swarms of which 

 came to light. Byturus tomentosus, L., was very common and frequently 

 injured the buds of raspberries in spring and early summer. Laemo- 

 pldoeus testaceus, F., and Silvanus surinamensis, L., were found in 

 grain stores. The larvae of Athous niger, L., which injured sown maize 

 near Stavropol, occurred together with A. tartarus, Cand., and also 

 large numbers of the larvae of either Agriotes lineatus, L., {segetis, Bj.), 

 or A. gurgistanus, Fald. Melanotus brunnipes. Germ., occurred on 

 sunflowers. An outbreak of Epicauta erythrocephala. Pall., is attributed 

 to the presence of Locusta migratoria ; it injured potatoes and was 

 controlled by spraying with Paris green. Great numbers of a species 

 of Omophlus were found in June and July on the ears of grain crops 

 and on other plants. Lema melanopa, L., was reported from some 

 places. Although Adoxus (Eumolpus) vitis, ¥., is not yet known as a 

 pest in North Caucasia, a beetle which answers to its description has 

 been reported to damage vine blossoms in the neighbouring province. 

 Larvae of Haltica quercetorum, F. {erucae, 01) were found in the first 



