50 



The following remedies are recommended : — Spraying after blos- 

 soming, the best insecticides being Paris green with lime and 

 Uraniagriin ; good results were obtained with sodium arsenite and 

 with arsenic and lime, but these scorched the foliage ; barium chloride 

 was not very effective and djipsin often gave negative results. 

 Ploughing and cultivating the soil in autumn, followed by harrowing, 

 lead to the destruction of the pupae by exposing them. In one 

 experiment, 52 per cent, of the pupae exposed throughout the winter 

 on the surface of the earth and 31 per cent, of those put at a depth 

 of 2|-3 inches, were found dead, while of those in normal situations 

 all survived, except when parasitised. Spraying the trees in early 

 spring with iron sulphate or with a solution of lime, in order to destroy 

 the lichens on which the females oviposit, and the smearing of the 

 stems in autumn and spring with a paste of lime and clay strengthened 

 by the addition of mullein leaves {Verbascum), in order to cover all 

 places which might serve as shelters, are also recommended. 



KsENjopoLSKY (A. V.). PesynbTaTbi HayHHOM notsflKM no BonuHM 



B"b 1912 roAy. [The results of a scientific journey over the govt, 

 of Volhynia in 1912.]— Reprint from «TpyflbI 06LUeCTBa Mscnt- 

 AOBareneJi B0J1blHH.» [Metnoirs of the Society of Investigators of 

 Volhynia], Jitomir, xi, 1913, 85 pp. [Received 24th Dec. 1914.] 



This is a report of a scientific journey undertaken by the author 

 in 1912 to Volhynia, at the request of the local authorities, in order 

 to investigate the local insect pests. In the forests, pines, oaks, 

 aspens and alders are the trees most attacked, while birches and others 

 aie much less affected, ash trees being injured only by the Cantharid, 

 Lytta vesicatoria, L. In orchards and market -gardens, apple, pear, 

 plum, gooseberries, cabbage, beetroots, peas, and beans suffer most, 

 and amongst field-crops, lape, clover, wheat and rye. On barley, 

 no pests were noticed except Anisoplia cyathigera {crucifera). 



Over 150 species of injurious insects are recorded, of which not 

 more than about 50 are of real economic importance, including : — 

 Lepidoptera : Aporia crataegi, L., Pieris brassicae, L., P. rapae, L., 

 Malacosoma neustria, L., Barathra brassicae, L., Phytometra (Plusia) 

 gamma, L., Hyponomeuta malinellus, ZelL, Ijymayitria dispar, L., 

 Euproctis chrysorrhoea, L., Euxoa segetum and Feltia exclamationis, L. 

 Coleoptera : M. melolontha, L., Phyllopertha horticola, L., Anthonomus 

 pomorum, L., species of Scolytus (Eccoptogaster), many species of 

 BosTRYCHiDAE, Agelasticu alni, L., Melasoma aenea, L., M. popidi L., 

 Rhynchites betulae, L., Byctiscus popidi, L., B. betidae, L., Pissodes 

 pini, L., P. notatus, F., Hylobius abietis, L., Magdalis violacea, L,, 

 Anisoplia cyathigera (crucifera), A. segetum, Hbst., Bruchus {Laria) 

 pisorum, L., and the Carabid, Zabrus gibbus, F. 



The chief damage is done in orchards and market-gardens, while 

 field crops and forests suffer considerably less. The multiplication 

 of the pests is favoured by the ignorance of the population and by the 

 fact that no control measures are undertaken. 



A list is added of insect pests recorded in the government up to 

 1912, comprising 62 pests of forests, 65 of orchards and market-gardens, 

 and 73 of field crops. 



