79 



tenthredinis, Morley, formerly so prevalent, and the occurrence of two 

 previously unrecorded parasites : the Ichneumon, Hypamblys alho- 

 pidus, Grav., and the Tachinid, Zenillia pexops, B. & B. H. albopidus 

 has a life-history similar to that of Mesoleius, and though possibly 

 emerging a few days earlier, it hibernates as a first stage larva. Z. 

 (Myxexorista) pexops hibernates as a final stage larva and forms its 

 puparium within the cocoon of the sawfiy, emerging about the same 

 time as the host. The percentage of Zenillia appears to vary inversely 

 with that of the Ichneumons, indicating that where superparasitism 

 by the two occurs, the Tachinid conquers the Ichneumon ; in the case of 

 superparasitism with H. albopidus and M. tenthredinis, the former 

 emerging as it does a few days earlier, would probably survive. 



Boucher (W. A.). The Orchard.— J^ Agric., Wellington, N.Z., ix, 

 no. 4, October 1914, pp. 286-288. 



Where winter spraying against scale-insects has been overlooked, 

 kerosene emulsion apphed in the late spring and early summer will 

 readily destroy the young, wandering scales. The percentage of fruit 

 infested by the codling moth will be infinitesimal if a reliable brand of 

 lead arsenate is carefully and thoroughly sprayed, and this will also 

 control the "leaf-roller caterpillar." By adding resin solution to the 

 lead arsenate during the early part of the season when the "bronze 

 beetle " is troublesome, the efficiency of the arsenate against the latter 

 pest will be increased. To prepare the resin solution, 1 lb. of washing 

 soda is dissolved in 2 gallons of boihng water ; 1| lb. of resin is then 

 added and boihng is continued, the mixture being stirred until the 

 resin is dissolved. Care is necessary to prevent the mixture from 

 boiling over, and for this reason the resin solution should be prepared 

 out of doors. For "bronze beetle," add 3 quarts of the solution to 

 50 gallons of lead arsenate spray. 



Allen (W. J.). Orchard Notes. — Agric. Gaz. N. S. W., Sydney, xxv, 

 pt. 10, October 1914, pp. 914-916. 



Apple, pear and quince trees should be sprayed with a high-pressure 

 pump, avoiding the hottest part of the day. Bordeaux mixture, i.e., 

 copper sulphate 6 lb., lime 4 lb., water 50 gals., is suitable for the 

 purpose and may be applied in conjunction with lead arsenate. If 

 lime-sulphur alone is used, the formula, lime 53 lb., sulphur 100 lb., 

 to 50 gals, water, should be applied, using a dilution of 1 part of the 

 concentrated mixture to 28 parts water. Lead arsenate is advised 

 for checking the cherry slug, Eriocampoides cerasi, and thorough 

 spraying with tobacco wash and soft soap for the black aphis. 



Froggatt (W. W.). a Descriptive Catalogue of the Scale-Insects 

 (Coccidae) of Australia.— ^grnc. Gaz. N. S. W., Sydney, xxv, 

 pt. 10, October 1914, pp. 875-884, 1 pi. 



The following species of Coccidae are included in this instalment 

 of the catalogue of scale-insects [see this Review, A, ii, p. 652, 705 : 

 Mytilaspis subspiculifera, sp. n., from the bark of the yarrow, Exocarpus 



