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escaping destruction by ants. A fresh quantity of cane containing 

 borers was added to one of the cages when the flies were 16 days old, 

 and the latter at once congregated about the new canes, indicating 

 that the flies must have a continued supply of fresh grubs if they are 

 to give the maximum number of young. Light and shade distribution 

 in the breeding cages should be as nearly as possible hke that under 

 natural conditions ; the flies invariably sought the morning sunlight, 

 during which period mating generally takes place, and remained in 

 the shade in the heat of the day. A few coconut leaves tacked on the 

 outside of the cages gave satisfactory results, but there must be at 

 least as great an area of light as there is of shade ; a continual water 

 supply should be maintained. After six weeks the parasitised canes 

 were removed from the cages and placed in the field in upright boxes, 

 raised from the ground by legs which were placed in tins of water 

 and shaded with coconut leaves. Examination showed that 5,000 

 parasites were developed from 4,35i borer grubs ; by adding arti- 

 ficially infested canes daily to the cages, it was possible to remove 

 from 55 to 60 canes, containing fully 600 parasites, per week. C. 

 sphenopJiori is subject to an unusually large number of predatory 

 enemies and only a strong colony can withstand the losses they cause. 

 The ant, Plieidole megacephala, is the deadliest enemy of the fhes, 

 attacking them at all stages, but carbon bisulphide was used effectively 

 against them. Other enemies are spiders, especially a large jumping 

 species, which hides in the leaf-sheaths of the cane, lizards, particularly 

 one arboreal species, dragon flies, and insectivorous birds, especially 

 a small flycatcher and the swallow. A bibliography is appended. 



Woods (W. C). A Note on Rhagolelis ponionella in Blueberries. — 

 Jl. Econ. Entom., Concord, vii, no. 5, October 1914, 

 pp. 398-400. 



Three species of the blueberry, Vaccinium pennsfjlvanicum, V. 

 canadense and V. vacillans w'ere attacked by Rhagolelis ponionella, 

 Walsh, in the barrens of Washington during 1913. The specimens, 

 like those reared from huckleberries in Connecticut, were below the 

 normal size of the apple forms. The maggot appears to become full 

 fed in one berry, which it leaves in order to pupate in the ground. The 

 preliminary winnowing which is usually given to the berries to remove 

 leaves, etc., also removes many infested ones, which are hghter than 

 the others. 



Fink (D. E.). Injury to Truck Crops by Spring Tails {Smynthurus sp.). 

 — Jl. Econ. Entom., Concord, vii, no. 5, October 1914, 

 pp. 400-401, 1 pi. 



Recent injuries to Cucurbitaceous plants by Snu/nthurus in Virginia 

 are recorded ; seedling lettuce and cucumber were badly injured 

 and in late autumn the petioles of spinach plants were destroyed. 

 In May 1914, this pest, which had increased enormously since 

 the previous year, was found attacking a potato field, feeding on 

 the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves, as well as on the margins 

 where Leptinotarsa 10-lineata, Say, had been feeding. The injury 

 caused appears in the form of irregular holes in the leaves. The species 



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