100 



they have excavated at the knot or at the base of a twig. Mating 

 takes place in spring and about 50 eggs are laid in a gallery. A fort- 

 night later the larvae hatch and excavate galleries, perpendicular to 

 that of the j^arent. The larval stage lasts for from five to six weeks, 

 and the pupal about 15 days. P. scarabaeoides has two generations, 

 in June and in August, whilst H. oleiperda only has one. The former 

 attacks the forks of young branches and the latter the older portions, 

 and larger branches. Control methods consist in burning infested 

 twigs, in correctly pruning the trees, and in properly cultivating the 

 soil. 



Jager (F.) & Howard (C. W.). The artificial fertilization of queen 



hees.Science, Neiv York, N.S., xl, no. 1037, 13th November 

 1914, p. 720. 



This paper records the apparent success of the artificial fertilisation 

 of a queen bee. The operation was performed on 28th July ; by 4th 

 August the ovaries showed considerable development, as indicated 

 by the size of the abdomen ; on 18th August eggs began to be de- 

 posited and at least 3,000 were subsequently laid. These all produced 

 worker-bees except four, which produced drones. In every respect, 

 the brood, the capping of the cells, and the resulting worker-bees are 

 perfectly normal. Studies of this c[ueen are to be continued next 

 season. 



Warren (W. H.). Fruits under G\a.ss. —Gardeners' Ckron., London, Ivi, 

 no. 1455, 14th November 1914, p. 322. 



Cherry trees under glass should be washed with the following in- 

 secticide, to destroy the eggs of red spider [Tetranychis telarius] : — 

 1 lb. soft soap, 2 lb. flowers of sulphur, 2 ozs. common shag tobacco, 

 added to 4 gals, water ; every part- of the tree should be washed well, 

 the mixture being worked into the bark and between the buds with a 

 painter's brush. 



BoNDARTZEV (A.). OlBtTbl. [Replies: Aspidiotns ostreaeformis .]— 

 « riporpeccilBHOe CaflOBOflClBO m OropOflHl14eCTBO.» [Progressive 

 Fruit-Growing and Market-Gardening], Pelrograd, no. 44, 15th 

 November 1914, p. 1362. 



Against Aspidiotns ostreaeformis, cleanuig infested branches wuth 

 brushes and spraying early in spring with a 3 per cent, solution of iron 

 sulphate or with calcium bisulphide, obtained by boiling milk of lime 

 with flowers of sulphur, are recommended as the best remedies. 



RiTov (M.). HepBb btj KopHJix-b M KOHepbi}KK"fe KanycTbi. [Worm in 

 the roots and stalk of cabbage.] — « flporpecCMBHOe CaflOBOflCTBO 

 M OropOflHMHeCTBO.» [Progressive Fruit-Growing and Market- 

 Gardening], Petrograd, no. 45, 21st November 1914, p. 1402. 



The females of Chortophila {Anthomyia) brassicae, Bouche, oviposit 

 in May and June on stems of cabbage, the larvae damaging the plants 

 by devouring first the outer soft strata of the stalk and later, mining it 



