107 



period of pupation of A. pomorum, L., may be as short as a week instead 

 of the usual 14 days, and the author confirms the opinion of Reh, that 

 isolated trees are more exposed to attack than others. The following 

 measures are recommended against A. pomorum : — Cleaning the 

 trunks of the trees from moss and lichens ; placing girdles of corrugated 

 paper round them in order to provide hibernating quarters for the 

 beetles, where they can easily be found and killed ; and jarring the trees 

 in the spring as soon as the beetles begin to appear, when they drop 

 to the ground and can easily be collected. Anthonomus rubi, Herbst, 

 has been more often recorded from strawberries than from raspberries. 



ScHOYEN (T. H.). Beretning over skadeinsekter och plantesygdomer 

 i land og havebruket 1913. [Report on the noxious insects and 

 plant diseases of the field and the orchard in 1913], Kristiania, 

 1914, pp. 31-58, 17 text figs. 



Amongst insects injurious to cereals. Aphis avenue did damage in 

 the western part of Norway during the unusually dry weather in 

 July and August. Chlorops taeniopa was observed in several localities 

 in Hardanger. As early sowing as possible of the spring crop and as 

 late as possible of the winter crop is advised in order to compel the 

 flies to lay their eggs on wild grasses. Clidogastra (Cleigastra) flavipes 

 is injurious to timothy grass and it is advisable to plough deeply in 

 autumn in order to bury the puparia or to omit this grass from the 

 rotation for one or two years. Hepialus lupulinus, at Floro, cut 

 the stems of the grass above the root to such an extent that the ground 

 was literally covered by the stems. Against Phyllopertha horticola, 

 ploughing and harrowing in order to expose the larvae to insectivorous 

 birds and dressing in the autumn with gas lime, kainit or saltpetre 

 are recommended. Apion apricans attacked the seed clover at the 

 Agricultural School of Smaalenene so that nearly every flower con- 

 tained the larvae. The clover had to be cut and either used as food 

 or stacked green so that the larvae were killed. Against Sitones 

 lineatus, which attacked clover in the spring, spraying with Paris 

 green is recommended. The larvae of Chortophila {Anthomyia) 

 brassicae, Tipula oleracea, Meligethes aeneus and Plutella mamdipennis 

 {cruciferanan) have been recorded as attacking cabbages. Psila rosae 

 has damaged carrots, and the larva of an unidentified species of Antho- 

 myi'a mined the leaves of sugar-beet. BJaniulus guttulatus has damaged 

 lettuce in Christiania ; watering the plants with lime-water is recom- 

 mended. Psylla mall and several Rhynchota, such as the Capsids, 

 Orthotylus marginalis, Plesiocoris rugicollis and Psallus amhiguus, have 

 destroyed the young shoots of fruit trees, especially in the neighbour- 

 hood of Hardanger and Sogne, and have lately spread to the eastern 

 part of the country. The need of co-operation and of organised 

 spraying with nicotine soap solution against these insects is urged. 

 Psyila pyrisuga has been recorded from several localities, but only 

 from apple trees. Aphids and Lepidosaphes ulmi {Mytikispis pomorum) 

 have been repeatedly observed. In Aalesund, Cantharis obscura 

 attacked apple blossoms, and in Lier and Drammen, Anthonomus 

 pomorum has done damage. Xyleborus (Tomicus) dispar hw been 

 recorded from Fredriksstad, Roken and Porsgrund, 



(C135) A 2 



