148 



are more fully described. The results are shown in several tables, 

 and it appears that the soil of the government of Petrograd, con- 

 sisting of clay on which the forests have been burned, is poor in phos- 

 phorus and nitrogen. The percentage of infected plants on all plots 

 was 38 ; that of plants which perished altogether on unmanured plots 

 was 21, and on plots manured with phosphorus and nitrogen 5| ; 

 the percentage of plants which were not able to produce normal grain 

 was 48| on the unmanured plots ; on those manured with phosphorus 

 and on those manured with phosphorus and saltpetre, 16. The 

 addition of potash led in one case to a further improvement of 6 per 

 cent. From these figures, it is concluded that under the optimum 

 conditions for the crops 0. frit has no marked economic influence, 

 when the infection is not greater than 40 per cent. Oats damaged 

 by 0. frit and manured with saltpetre, tiller well and produce new 

 shoots which ripen at the normal time. The author disputes the state- 

 ment by Kurdjumov and Andreeva in the paper read by them at the 

 Entomological Conference in Kiev in August 1913 [see this Review, 

 Ser. A, i, pp. 497-498] that O.frit is harmless to summer-sown crops, 

 if sown at the proper time, and that in some cases its influence, com- 

 pared by the authors to that of " a gardener who pinches the shoots 

 and thus directs the sap to the formation of fruit," is even beneficial ; 

 in his opinion O.frit is undoubtedly a pest, although in some cases, 

 as stated above, its effects can be largely annulled. It would be 

 more correct to compare its influenca to that of a " market gardener 

 who pinches the central shoot of a plant in order to provoke tillering." 



Kassatkin (A. N.). Kyjiiypa nyKa m xptHa bi> r. CysAant m cno6oAt 

 Mciept, BnaflMMipCKOM ry6. [The cultivation of onions and 

 horse-radish in the town of Suzdal and the village of Mster of the 

 govt, of Vladimir.] — « CaAl* M OropOfllj.w [Orchard and Market- 

 Garden.'] Moscow, no8. 6 and 12 ; June and December 1914 ; 

 pp. 287-290 and 470-477. 



Hylemyia antiqua, Mg., destroys yearly from 20 to 25 per cent, of 

 the harvest of onions in Suzdal. Rotation of crops and the poisoning 

 of the soil with formalin are the remedies usually recommended, but 

 the author suggests also spraying with carbolic acid emulsion and with 

 a mixture of carbolic acid and lime, and points out the necessity for 

 further studies on the biology of this pest under the local conditions. 

 Horse-radish is damaged by various Chrysomelid beetles, both adults 

 and larvae of which devour the leaves. 



Shtchkrbakov (Th.). HoBblH BpeflMTCAb KyHypy3bl. [A new pest of 

 maize.] — « tOiKHO-PyccKafl CenbCKO-Xo3flMCTBeHHafl faaeia.* 



[South-Russian Agricultural Gazette], Charkov, no. 46, 17th Decem- 

 ber 1914, pp. 8-9. 



This article recapitulates the injuries caused to maize by Oscinis 

 {Oscinella) frit, L., [see this Review, Ser. A, iii, p. 98]. The paper on 

 this pest by Kurdjumov and Andreeva, read at the Entomological 

 Conference at Kiev, in August 1913 [see this Revieiv, Ser. A, i, pp. 

 497-498], and the work of E. M. Vassiliev are referred to, and it is 

 pointed out that the last-named author could only dispute the statement 



