207 



putty, and the smearing of the trunks with lime and iron sulphate as 

 directed above, so as to prevent the beetles from ovipositing upon 

 them, are recommended. 



The fruits of walnuts are attacked by a mite of the genus Eriophyes 

 and by caterpillars of Cydia (Grapholitha) amplana, Hb. Stored nuts are 

 frequently damaged by the beetles and larvae of Silvanus surinamensis 

 {frumentarius). C. amplana feeds exclusively on the parenchyma of 

 the nut, gnawing the pericarp near the pedicle ; the females attach 

 their eggs to the fruits, leaves, etc., and the caterpillars hatch out in 

 about a week. Two generations occur yearly, the second generation 

 of caterpillars wintering in the cocoons and pupating next spring. 

 The cleansing of the trunk and of the thick branches, thus destroying 

 the cocoons of the pest, followed by smearing with a lime solution, 

 the use of trap belts and the destruction of fallen fruits, are the remedies 

 recommended. 



FoRTi (C.) & Broggi (E.). Brevi notizie pratiche sui principali nemicl 



delle piante coltivate. [Brief practical notes on the chief enemies 



of cultivated plants.] Como : Cesare Nani & C, 1914, 155 pp., 

 price 80 ctmi. 



This little book is a reprint of a series of articles which appeared in 

 La Campag)ia, the official journal of the Cattedra Ambidante di 

 Agricoltura of Como, and consists of a brief summary of the principal 

 fungus and insect pests of cultivated plants. Under each plant is 

 given a list of pests, with a brief description of the damage done 

 and the appropriate remedies. The descriptions given of larvae are 

 in many cases too vague to be of real use, the insect nomenclature 

 needs revision and in many cases only an Italian popular name is 

 given. 



GupPY (P. L.). Report of the Entomologist in Charge of Froghopper 

 Investigation for the Months of October and November 1914. — 

 Report to the Colonial Office, dated 11th December 1914. 



Experiments to determine the rate of egg-laying by female Syrphids 

 ' [Salpingogaster nigra] show that the number laid under laboratory 

 conditions is considerably below that under natural conditions, but 

 about 150 can be reckoned upon for each fertilised female in captivity ; 

 Kershaw, by dissection, found upwards of 350 eggs in the ovaries. 

 During October, the author was able to send out 500 eggs, besides 

 retaining a considerable number for experimental purposes. It is 

 considered that the breeding process re(iuires too constant and minute 

 attention to be generally undertaken by planters themselves. This 

 fly saves planters thousands of dollars annually, being an invaluable 

 insect ally, and its efficiency can be greatly increased by introducing it 

 early in the wet season. It destroys the majority of the third brood 

 of froghopper nymphs [Tomaspis saccharina], allowing the canes to 

 recover from attacks of previous broods, which, with the help of 

 favourable weather, they nearly always do. The green muscardine 

 fungus [Metarhizium anisopliae] is also a great help at this time of 

 the year, but only affects the adults, and the adult froghopper has 

 never been found to be attacked by the fungus outside the cane fields. 



