221 



Rond.) and Nemorilla maculosa, Mg. Besides these parasites, large 

 numbers of larvae and adults of Calosoma investigator and Calosoma 

 denticolle were observed in 1912 destroying the caterpillars of 

 P. sticticalis. The caterpillars of Plodia inter 'punctella, Hb., attack 

 dried fruits in stores. Homoeosoma nebulella, Hb., attacks sunflower 

 seeds, but in 1913, in the district of Zarev, only the early sowings 

 were injured. Talis quercella, Schif!., was not injurious until 1913, 

 when an outbreak of its caterpillars occurred, which destroyed all 

 graminaceous plants on the steppes over about 1,350 acres, as well as 

 some wheat crops. Other Lepidopterous pests were : — Aporia 

 crataegi, L., Vanessa polycMoros, L., the Pyralid, Evergestis {Orobena) 

 extimalis, L., which breeds on mustard, radish, turnips and cabbage ; 

 Eriogaster {Lasiocampa) lanestris, L., Malacosoma {Lasiocampa) 

 castrensis, L., M. neustria, L., Gastropacha quercifolia, L. and Odonestis 

 primi, L., mainly on apple trees. Dicranura (Harpia) vi?iida, L., was 

 found on poplars and willows in nearly all the districts and on Popidus 

 nigra, L., on the islands of the Volga ; Phalera bucephala, L., cater- 

 pillars on apple trees near Astrachan ; Pergesa {Chaerocampa) elpenor 

 L., and Delilephila lineata, L., on vine ; Biston hirtarius, CI., Abraxas 

 grossidariata, L., Lymantria (Ocneria) dispar, L., mostly in the northern 

 parts of the government and rarely in the southern ones ; Stilpnotia 

 (Leucoma) salicis, injures poplars in the south. Euproctis chrysorrhoea, 

 L., attacks quinces ; Orgyia dubia, Tausch., is not injurious to culti- 

 vated plants, but in years of outbreaks, as in 1911, devours various 

 steppe plants serving as food for cattle ; Phjtometra {Plusia) ga7mna, L., 

 injures mustard and also cabbages ; Acronycta tridens, Schiff ., apple, 

 cherry, pear and plum ; Acronycta psi, L. ; Calymnia trapezina, L., 

 and Eupsilia {Scopelosoma) satellitia, L., on apples ; Laphygma 

 (Caradrina) exigua, Hb., has been rare in recent years, but was formerly 

 very injurious to tomatoes. Euxoa (Agrotis) segetum, Schiff., and 

 Feltia (Agrotis) exclamationis, L., injure bachza plants throughout 

 the government. Complaints have been received of the caterpillars 

 of Arctia spectabilis, Tausch., damaging onions. 



Coleopterous pests include the Elaterids, Dicerca berolinensis, 

 Herbst, on Lombardy poplars ; Agriotes lineatus, L., Melanotus 

 rufipes, Hbst., Cardiophorus rufipes, Geoff., and C. discicollis, Hbst., 

 on apple and pear trees. Lytta vesicatoria, L., attacks poplars, lilac 

 and ash ; Epicauta erythrocephala, Pall., potatoes ; Henicopus hirtus, L., 

 and H. jnlosus, Scop., ears of grain ; Pedinus femoralis, L., Opatrum 

 sabulosiim, L., and Gonocephalum (Opatrum) pusillum, F., all three 

 injure bachza and market-garden plants ; Tentyria nomas, Pall., 

 injures melons and other Cucurbitaceae ; Tenebrio molitor, L., and 

 Tribolium confusum, Dub., stored grain. Plagionotus arcuatus, L., 

 attacks oaks, Acanthoderes varius, F., poplars, and Haplocnemia 

 myops, Dalra., apple trees. Tetrops praeusta, L., Rhojxilopus clavipes, 

 F., and Prionus asiaticus, Fald., occur in orchards. Crioceris (Lema) 

 duodecimpunctata, L., C. asparagi, L., and Exosoma collaris, Hum., 

 all injure asparagus. Labidostomis longimana, L., and L. pallidipennis, 

 Germ., attack ears of corn. Colaphus sophiae, Schall., Entomoscelis 

 adonidis. Pall., E. sacra, L., (dorsalis ¥.), all attack mustard. 

 Galerucella tenella, L., injures strawberries and G. luteola, I\Iull., 

 (xanthomelaena, Schr.) elms. Luperus longicornis, F., injures the 

 foliage of apple, cherry, pear, poplar and other trees. Psylliodes 



