241 



•damaged at that stage in 1913 reached 74 per cent. The females, which 

 lay their eggs in the fruits, also do a great deal of damage. A Chalcid 

 parasite of the eggs of R. auratus was observed [see this Review, 

 Series A, i, pp. 436-437], from 50 to 72 per cent, of the eggs being 

 infested. 



Troitzky (N. K), HtKOTopbin flaHHbifl fltflienbHOCTM niine-feflOB-b 

 nnOflOmopHM B1» TypneCTaHt. [Some data on the activities of 

 parasites of eggs of the codling moth in Turkestan.] pp. 135-139. 



A short account is given of the history of the endeavours to import 

 Tricliogramma (Pentarthron) carpocapsae, Ashm., into Turkestan. 

 I. V. Vassiliev was not able to find, in 1909 and 1910, any parasites of 

 Cydia pomonella in that country, while Kadetzky discovered in 1911 

 only two species {Ascogaster canifrons, Wesm. and Pimpla sp.) which 

 between them infested less than 2 per cent, of the caterpillars [see 

 this Review, Series A, i, pp. 367-370]. An examination, in 1913, of 

 various orchards in Turkestan, including those in which artificially 

 bred specimens of T. carpocapsae had been liberated, led to the dis- 

 covery of other parasites of the eggs of C. pomonella. Amongst these 

 N. Kurdjumov has identified the following : — TricJiograynma 

 embryophagus, Hrtg., in Tashkent, T. semblidis ?, Aur., {minutum ?, 

 Biley) in Tashkent, and Tricliogramma sp. in Ferghana and 

 Samarkand, where T. carpocapsae was absent. 



UvAEov (B. p.). CoBpeweHHoe nonoweHie capaHHesaro Bonpoca Ha 

 CtBepHOM-b KaBKast h Mtpbi K-b ero paaptLueHira, B-b cbasm Cb 

 oOiMBM opraHMsai^ieii 6opb6bi ct» capaHseBbiMM. [The present 

 position of the locust question in North Caucasia and methods 

 of solving it, in connection with the general organisation of the 

 campaign against locusts.] pp. 140-149. 



Of the various species of locusts found in North Caucasia, Docios- 

 taur us (Staiiroiiotus), maroccanus,Thnnh., and Lociista{Pachijtylus)migra- 

 toria, L., ar^ of the greatest economic importance. L. danica, Charp., 

 is frequently found with the latter, but is unimportant. The breeding 

 places of ^'. maroccanus in North Caucasia are situated in the dry 

 sandy steppes, known as Nogai and Kasanogai, adjoining each other 

 in the north-western part of the province of Terek and south-eastern 

 part of the government of Stavropol. The locusts show a tendency 

 to spread in a western and north-western direction into the government 

 of Stavropol. The hatching areas of L. migraloria have not yet been 

 sufficiently investigated, except those situated in the latter govern- 

 ment. A short historical account is given of locust outbreaks 

 and the campaign against them during recent years, with special 

 reference to the government of Stavropol, and the successful results 

 of the chemical method are emphasised. It is stated that the present 

 methods of fighting locusts guarantee complete success, the partly un- 

 successful residts of previous campaigns having been due to local and 

 not to general causes, such as the neglect of locust work in the neigh- 

 bouring governments and the absence of special funds. The solution 



