269 



found attached to the trees or on dead leaves. They may then be 

 collected and destroyed. When very numerous, the larvae may be 

 jarred from the trees and prevented from returning by placing sticl^y 

 bands around the trunks. It has been observed in Oregon that this 

 insect does not become a serious pest where the orchards are regularly 

 sprayed with arsenicals. The best time to spray is when the larvae 

 are newly hatched ; the larger the larvae become, the more resistant 

 they are to the poison. Arsenate of lead, 4 lb. to 50 U.S. galls. 

 (41 1 Impl.) water, is the strength recommended where ordinary- 

 strength sprays prove ineffective. A bibhography of 43 works, dating 

 from 1758, concludes this paper. 



MozNETTE (G. F.). The Brown Lacewing, Hemerohius pacificus, Banks ; 

 pp. 181-183, 1 fig. 



Hemerohius pacificus, Banks (the brown lacewing), is distributed 

 over the Pacific Coast regions. It is an important economic species in 

 California, and is also found in the States of Washington, New Mexico, 

 Arizona, and in British Columbia. Its larvae prey upon almost all 

 species of Aphids, mites, and probably upon other soft-bodied insects. 

 It has been found to be particularly important in destroying the 

 oviparous females of Aphis sorbi, Kalt., (the rosy apple aphis), and 

 Myzus ribis, Linn., (the currant aphis). During July 1913, it was 

 abundant in hop-gardens, feeding upon the wingless females of the 

 summer generation of Phorodon huniuli, Schrank (the hop aphis), and 

 also on Tetranychus telarius, Linn, (the red spider-mite). On 

 3rd November 1913, numerous eggs and larvae were found among 

 colonies of Aphis sorbi on apple trees in the experimental orchard of 

 the Agricultural College at Corvallis. The eggs are laid singly on the 

 lower surface of the leaves, mostly near the midrib and lateral veins, 

 or in the axil of the two. The egg stage lasts nine days, and the 

 larval one averages 14 days. When ready to pupate, the larva usually 

 seeks some crevice in the bark, although cocoons were found in clustered 

 leaves of apple curled by aphids, on the under surface of the leaves of 

 currant and hop vines, and in anthracnose cankers. The adults, when 

 confined in breeding cages, do not live for more than three or four 

 days. According to experiments on five larvae, which were fed on 

 aphids, the average number devoured by a single individual during 

 its larval period was 201. The larva, pupa, and adult are briefly 

 described. 



Childs (L.). The Alfalfa Looper, Plusia californica, as a Truck Crop 

 Pest; pp. 184-188, 2 figs. 



Phytometra {Plusia) californica (the alfalfa looper) is normally held 

 in complete subjection by its natural enemies. For some time past, 

 however, truck crops have been severely injured in some localities, the 

 damage to lettuce in Oregon being very noticeable during the summer 

 of 1914. A study of its life-history and habits was conducted on 

 a three-acre patch of lettuce, which was in a few days reduced to a 

 condition in which it was valueless. The egg, larva, pupa, and adult 

 are described. It has been reported from nearly all of the States 



