362 



Littler (F. M.). Woolly Aphis. — Weekly Courier, Launceslon, 

 Tasmania, 18th February 1915. [Reprint received 3rd May 1915.] 



The only effective method of dealing with Eriosoma lanigeruni is by 

 spraviiig- " Blackleaf 40 " is an ideal spray, but is expensive. Aphids 

 of chrysanthemum, rose and carrot were killed immediately by it in 

 the test experiments. Pure benzine or kerosene are satisfactory, 

 but kerosene emulsion does not affect a large proportion of the adult 

 females. The work is best undertaken in autumn and spring ; in 

 autumn, a large proportion of females can be killed, which would other- 

 wise hibernate at the roots of the trees ; in spring, females that have 

 hibernated can be destroyed. A good painting mixture is the best 

 to use, that recommended by the author having proved most successful. 

 [See this Review, Ser. A, ii, p. 604.] Factors liable to be overlooked 

 include the number of females which hibernate not only at the roots 

 of apple, but also at the roots of trees as yet undetermined, and during 

 the spring, winged females fly from tree to tree, infesting those which 

 are clean. 



NiCHOLLS (H. M.). The Pear Mite. — Agric. Gaz. Tasmania, Hobart, 

 xxiii, no. 2, February 1915, pp. 50-53, 2 figs. 



Eriophyes pyri, the pear mite, causes serious injury to young pear 

 orchards by burrowing into the leaves of the trees. The mites hiber- 

 nate in the buds, and several generations are produced i2i one season. 

 In Australia, the species is confined to pear trees, but in America it has 

 been recorded on apple, white beam, mountain ash and cotoneaster. 

 One of the most effective methods of dealing with young trees in early 

 stages of infestation is hand-picking and burning the leaves so removed. 

 Great care should be exercised in the selection of nursery stock'. On 

 large trees, the best method is to spray in autumn, when the leaves 

 are falling. Kerosene emulsion or lime and sulphur solution are 

 effective ; the latter should be used at the rate of 1 gal. of commercial 

 solution to 25-35 gals, of water. Spraying in spring or pruning 

 infected shoots is useful. Eriophyes pyri is kept in check to some 

 extent by a larger mite, Seius pomi. 



Pescott (E. E.). Orchard and Garden Notes. — Jl. Depf. Agric., Victoria^ 

 Melbourne, xiii, no. 2, 10th February 1915, pp. 124-126. 



Citrus and other evergreen trees attacked by scale- insects may be 

 sprayed with resin compound, crude petroleum emulsion, or lime- 

 sulphur mixture. The most effective method is fumigation ; the 

 trees are enclosed in a tent to prevent the escape of gas, and exposed 

 for about three-quarters of an hour to hydrocyanic acid gas generated 

 from potassium cyanide and sulphuric acid. Fumigation should be 

 carried out at night time or on a cloudy day and the foliage must be 

 thoroughly dry. Young deciduous fruit trees attacked by woolly 

 aphis or Bryobia mites should be sprayed with nicotine solution or 

 resin wash after the crop has been gathered. If the pest is not serious, 

 spraying may be left until the winter, when red oil emulsion or lime- 

 sulphur can be used. 



