387 



the European vine. Phylloxera may be spread by agricultural imple- 

 ments, by man, by plants grown between the vines, by poultry and 

 domestic animals, by manure and seeds of all kinds, as well as by 

 vehicles. CUjsia ambiguella, Euxoa (Agrotis) tritici, Byctiscus betulae 

 (Rhynchites hetuleti), Tetranychus telarius and Anomala vitis are briefly 

 dealt with and the usual remedies are stated. 



Tavares (J. S.). A Anastrepha serpentina, Wiedm., nova praga dos 

 frutos no Brazil. [Anasfrepha serpen! ina, Wiedm., a new pest of 

 fruits in Brazil.] — Broteria, Bnnja, xiii, no. 1, 1st February 1915, 

 pp. 52-54. 



Anasfrepha serpentina, Wied., has been discovered attacking fruit 

 in Brazil and must be added to the pests already known there, viz. : — 

 Anastrepha fraterculus, Wied., Ceratitis capitata, Wied., and Lonchaea 

 aenea, Wied. It attacks the fruit of Achras sapota. Mill., (the sapodilla 

 plum). The life-cycle of this fly occupies about a month and a half, the 

 larval period lasting about 30 days, while the pupal stage lasts about 

 15 days. 



Schneider-Orelli (0.). Versuche uber Blutlausbekampfung. [Studies 

 in Woolly Aphis control. ]^Schu'eiz. Zcilschr. Obsf- u. Weinbaii, 

 Frauenfehl, xxiv, no. 3, 8th February 1915, pp. 38-41. 



In summer and autumn, the newly hatched young of Eriosoma 

 (Schizoneura) lanigerum (the woolly aphis) migrate, preferably to the 

 young shoots and then occupy the entire top of the tree. At first 

 it is not possible to see them with the unaided eye, as they lack the 

 white, waxy covering, and only a few are destroyed if scrubbing is 

 the method of control practised. Thorough spraying with a good, 

 high-pressure sprayer is preferable. The following conditions are 

 necessary for success : The liquid must penetrate the waxy coat, it 

 must speedily kill the Aphids with which it comes in contact, its cost 

 must be low and it must not injure vegetation. In the trials reported, 

 tall apple trees were carefully sprayed with a high-pressure Vermorel 

 sprayer and branches were then cut off and taken to the laboratory, 

 where those treated with a 3 per cent, solution of soft soap remained 

 free from infestation for months. This solution cost less than Is. 4d. 

 per 20 gallons, it immediately destroyed the waxy coat, all Aphids 

 were killed, and no injury was caused either to the apple fohage or to 

 plants, such as strawberries, growing beneath the trees. Various 

 samples of soft soap all gave the same satisfactory result. 



de Bergevin (E.). A propos de Aelia triticiperda, Pomel, (Hemipt. 

 Pentatomidae), fleau des cer6ales. [Aelia triticiperda, J'orael, a 

 pest of cereals.]— 5*<^Z. Soc. cVIIist. Nat. Afrique Nord, Alger, vii, 

 no. 2, 15th February 1915, pp. 18-23. 



The author considers that Mlia triticiperda, Pomel, and Pentatoma 

 triticum, Malmejac, are the same species and probably conspecific with 

 A. cognata, o\\'ing to its habits, the density of its colonies and the severe 



(C172) d2 



