400 



method in Algeria, South Africa, Stavropol and Bokhara is pointed 

 out. The chemical method, both spraying operations and the use of 

 poisoned baits, is recommended. A list of 22 books and articles on 

 the subject, of which nine are in Russian, is appended. 



DiNDON (P. J.). Cyclamen persicum giganteum. — « CaAOBOflli.)) [The 

 Horticulturist], Rostov-on-Don, 1915, no. 2, February, pp. 100-104, 



Cyclamens are attacked by Aphids and Thrips haemorrhoidalis, 

 the latter appearing at any time during the year, if the plants are 

 neglected. To destroy these pests, fumigation with tobacco smoke 

 or dipping the plants into soapy water for about a minute and washing 

 them afterwards with clean water, is effective. 



Kamber (A.). SmmhIh pa6oTbi bi» nnoAOBOM"b cajiy. [Winter work 

 in orchards.] — « Hauje X03flilCTB0.» [Our Husbandry], Eletz, 

 no. 2, 12th Febraary 1915, pp. 8-9. 



The necessity for the removal and destruction of the nests of Aporia 

 crataegi and Euproctis chrysorrhoea is insisted on, and it is pointed out 

 that this is best done when the ground is covered with snow, as then 

 the fallen nests are less likely to escape notice. 



OTSen. 3HTOMOnorMHeCKaro Biopo sa 1913 r. [Report of the Entomo- 

 logical Bureau of the Zemstvo of the govt, of Charkov for 1913.] 

 PubUshed by the Zemstvo of the govt, of Charkov, Charkov, 1915, 

 95 pp., 10 tables of figs. 



The Report contains, besides a general review of the work of the 

 members of the Bureau, the following separate articles : — 



AvERiN (V. G.), OSsopij BpeflMTeneii, HaSmoAaBiuMXcn bt» XapbKOB- 



CKOM ry6. sa 1913 rOAT». [Review of the pests noticed in the 

 govt, of Charkov during 1913], pp. 10-65, tables I-VI. 



Investigations into a great variety of insects and their parasites 

 showed that the caterpillars of the following Lepidoptera were entirely 

 free from parasites : — Butterflies, Papilio machaon, L., P. podalirius, 

 L., Pieris daplidice, L., Melitaea didyma, 0. ; Moths, Pygaera curtida, 

 L., P. anachoreta, F., Malacosoma casfrensis, L., Saturnia spini, Schiff., 

 Drepana falcataria, L., Scotogramma {Mamestra) trifolii, Rott., Scolio- 

 pteryxlihairix, L., Enyiomos quercinaria, L., Hygrochroa syringaria, L., 

 Zygaena scabiosae, Z., and Pachytalia (Psyche) imicolor, Schiff. 

 Hymenopterous parasites were found in 47 species of insects, the 

 percentage of infestation reaching frequently 95-100 per cent, and 

 being usually 40-50 per cent. Dipterous parasites were found in 24 

 species, the usual percentage of infestation being much lower than that 

 of Hymenoptera, although it also reached 100 per cent, in some cases ; 

 fungi and bacterial diseases were noticed in 41 species. In the case 

 of Phhjctaenodes sticticalis, though it suffered from the attacks of both 

 Hymenopterous and Dipterous parasites, as well as fungi and bacterial 

 diseases, only a total death-rate of 12 per cent, from all these causes 

 was recorded. Hymenopterous parasites showed the highest per- 

 centage of infection in the following insects i—Cionus scropMdariae 



