.415 



on the leaves. The larvae, hatchhig in about 10 days, feed for some 

 time on the leaves and fruit, then proceed to hibernate in cocoons on 

 the branches. Thorough spraying with lead arsenate, 6 lb. to 100 gals, 

 water or dilute lime-sulphur, when the blossoms show pink, is advised, 

 Malacosoma americana, the apple-tree tent-caterpillar, feeds on apple, 

 wild cherry, beech, etc. Winter is passed in the egg stage. The 

 larvae live in colonies, and when abundant, defoliate the trees. 

 Pupation takes place in early June ; adults emerge in three weeks 

 and lay eggs in July. There is one generation annually. Early 

 spraying with Hme-sulphur, followed by a later spray with lead arsenate, 

 is very effective. When pruning the trees, all twigs bearing egg-masses 

 should be burnt. M. disstria, the forest fcent-caterpillar, attacks 

 maple, apple, plum, cherry and pear. It differs from the preceding 

 species in that cocoons are found in curled leaves. The same control 

 methods can be used. Lepidosaqihes ulmi, the oyster scale, is most 

 injurious to young trees. It may be controlled by spraying with lime- 

 sulphur, 1 part to 8 of water, when the leaves begin to appear. Appli- 

 cations should be repeated every year. Three species of Aphids are 

 injurious to the apple. Aphis {Siphocoryne) avenae, the apple-bud 

 aphis, appears on the opening buds ; the second generation is winged 

 and migrates to various grasses. Aphis jiomi breeds on the apple 

 throughout the year and causes the leaves to curl and the growth of 

 tree and fruit to be stunted. Young trees are often killed by this 

 species. A. sorbi, the rosy apple aphis, develops three generations 

 on the apple, while the remainder of the season is passed on the plan- 

 tain. The injury inflicted is similar to that of A. jjomi. Aphids can 

 be controlled by thorough spraying with " Black Leaf 40," J pt. in 

 100 gals, water, or dilute lime-sulphur solution, the application being 

 made when the lice are clustered on the opening buds. In the case of 

 a small tree, it is better to dip the infested branches into the solution. 

 Eriosoma {Schizoneura) lanigerum, the woolly aphis, is most injurious 

 when found in cankers and wounds, where it feeds on the callus ; 

 such wounds should be cleaned out and painted with gas tar. Melano- 

 plus feniirr-rubrum, which during the past two seasons has been very 

 destructive in a few localities, can be controlled by a poison bait 

 consisting of bran, 20 lb. ; Paris green, 1 lb. ; syrup, 2 quarts ; 

 3 oranges or lemons ; water, 3^ gals. This bait should be spread 

 thinly in the early morning, when the grasshoppers are active. A 

 spraying schedule for the various pests is given. 



Heinrich (C.) & Gryse (J, J. De). On Acrocercops strigifinitella, 



Clemens. — Proc. Entom. Soc. Washington, Washington, D.C., xvii, 



no. 1, March 1915, pp. 6-14, 8 plates. 



An account of the life-history oi Acrocercops strigifinitella, Clemens, is 



given. Though common, it is considered unlikely that this moth will 



become of much economic importance ; it chiefly attacks chestnut 



leaves, injuring them by mining. Since its attacks are restricted to 



the newer leaves at the ends of the branches and its food supply is 



scarce during autumn, it is prevented from becoming abundant for 



more than a short time in mid-sunnner. It also has many natural 



enemies and hymenopterous parasites of the larvae have been reared, 



including: Sijmpiesis flavipes, Ashm., Pseudopanteles nigripes, Roh., 



and Arthrolytus sp. A species of Chrysopa was tAvice observed attacking 



