418 



leaves of Castanea dentata, feeding on the upper epidermis and paren- 

 chyma ; in later larval stages, holes are eaten through the leaves. 

 The larval period lasts from July to September ; the pupae hibernate 

 through the winter, the adults emerging in early June. D. auimnnalis 

 attacks Quercus rubra ; the larval period lasts from August to October. 

 The larvae of D. quercivora feed on Q. rubra and pupate in the ground. 

 D. errans attacks birch and linden. A general account of the genus, 

 together with descriptions of the larval stages of each of the above 

 species, is given. 



Scott (E. W.). Home-made Lime-Sulphur Concentrate.— f7.>S. Dept. 

 Agric, WasJiington, D.C., Bull. no. 197, 31st March 1915, 6 pp. 

 4 tables. 



During the past few years, experiments have been made in connection 

 with the making of lime-sulphur concentrates, m order to determine 

 the density and percentage of " sludge " which would result from the 

 use of different formulae. The tabulated results show that the con- 

 centration varied from 27°-35'5° Be., being in most cases about 30°, 

 while the percentage of sludge varied from 40-50. The 50-100-50 

 formula is generally recommended for the preparation of home-boiled 

 concentrated solution. The method is to boil together for 50-60 

 minutes, 50 lb. hme, 100 lb. sulphur and water to make 50 gals, of 

 the concentrated solution. Fresh, stone hme, containing not less than 

 90 per cent, of calcium oxide, is necessary. The lime and then the 

 sulphur are added to the boiling water and the mixture is stirred until 

 the lime is slaked, i.e., for about one hour. If the solution is to be stored 

 without filtering, it should be run off through a 30-mesh strainer. 

 A highly concentrated solution can be made according to the formula 

 80-160-50, the quantity of water being reduced in this case. Solutions 

 thus prepared should test 33°-34° Be. The cost of the concentrated 

 solution, in large quantities, is about 14s. per barrel of 50 U.S. gals. 

 [41| Impl.], and that of the weaker about 4s. less. 



CusHMAN (R. A.). U.S. Bureau Entom. Descriptions of six new Species 

 of Ichneumon Flies. — Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Washington, B.C., 

 xlviii, 18th March 1915, pp. 507-513. 



The following Ichneumons are described, Bassus carpocapsae, 

 Aenoplex carpocapsae, A. jdesiotypus, Glyptra brevis, all from Cydia 

 pomonella, and N^otopygus virginiensis and Idechthis 7iigricoxalis, 

 from Euzojjhera semifuneralis. 



Cook (A. J.). Potato Pointers.^ — Mthly. Bidl. State Commiss. Hortic, 

 Sacramento, Col., iv, no. 3, March, 1915, pp. 154-157. 



The potato tuber moth {Phtliorimaea operculella), causes serious injury 

 by boring through the tubers and blackening the tissue. In order to 

 control this pest, all tubers for seed should be treated with formalin 

 or corrosive sublimate before planting, and should be planted in a 

 disease-free soil. Growing potatoes should be kept well covered ; 

 no tubers should be left in the ground, but, as soon as dry, they 

 should be packed in moth-proof sacs. A long rotation should be 

 practised. 



