429 



MossERi (V. M.). Les Sauterelles en Egypte. [Locusts in Egypt.]^ 

 — Bull. V Union des Agricidfeurs d' Egypte, Cairo, no. 110, January- 

 March, 1915, pp. 4-29. 



This paper was first pubHshod in 190 1 at the time of a locust invasion 

 similar to that which has recently occurred in Egypt, and gives a 

 general account of the usual methods of locust control. The 

 direction of migration is dependent on the wind. In the destruc- 

 tion of locusts, natural enemies play an important part, especially 

 the Bombyliid fly, CnUostoma, which may destroy as nmch as 40 per 

 cent, of the eggs. The non-appearance of locusts in certain years is 

 inidoubtedly due to these. The article concludes with some observa- 

 tions by the Minister of Agriculture. The places where eggs are 

 deposited are usually the banks of railways or canals, and these should 

 be watched and distinctly marked by the local authorities. High and 

 sandy places, on the edge of cultivated land, are also suitable for 

 egg-laying. Ground, in which eggs have been deposited, should be 

 ploughed so that the egg- masses may be exposed to the sun or collected 

 and burnt. A fixed sum is paid for all eggs collected. All possible 

 precautions should be taken against young locusts, which pass towards 

 cultivated ground as soon as they hatch ; a trench with the side 

 perpendicular in the direction of advance should be dug and the locusts 

 led as far as possible into this. All the available population should 

 be urged to cooperate in the work. 



ScELSi (S.). La Pasta Caflaro. [The " Caf5aro Paste " insecticide.] — 

 Riv. Agric, Parma, xxi, no. 11, 12th March 1915, pp. 169-170. 



The " Pasta CafTaro " manufactured in Italy and sold in barrels of 

 1 and 2 cwt. is said to be an excellent fungicide. It is an oxychloride 

 of copper treated with lime, being a paste in which oxychloride of 

 copper replaces sulphate of copper. Its percentage composition is 

 stated to be : Metalhc copper, 16-51 ; hme, 8-39 ; chlorine, 17-50 ; 

 combined oxygen, 3-60. Each barrel contains a measure for the paste, 

 which only needs diluting in 100 parts (by weight) of water; the 

 solution is said to be more adhesive than Bordeaux mixture. If it is 

 desired to mark the sprayed foliage, 1 oz. of lime paste may be added 

 to every 3 gals, of solution ; this amount must not be exceeded or the 

 efficiency of the preparation is impaired and injury may be caused. 



Elegi ( — ). Contro I'afide lanigero del melo. [Control of the woolly 



aphis of the apple.]— J?ir. Agric, Parma, xxi, no. 13, 26th March 



1915, p. 197. 



" Nessler " solution is recommended against Eriosoma lanigeruni ; 



its formula is : — Soft soap, 40 parts (by weight) ; amyl alcohol, 



50 parts ; phenicated tobacco extract, 25 parts ; commercial alcohol, 



200 parts ; water, 1,000 parts. [See also this Review, Ser. A, ii, p. 77.] 



Rizzo (A. F.). La lotta naturale contra la mosca delle olive. [Natural 

 control of the olive fly.] — II Picentino, Salerno, iv, nos. 3-4, 

 March-April 1915, pp. 165-167. 



In the course of a popular account of this pest, it is stated that 

 DacKs oleae (the olive fly) causes an average annual loss of £8,000,000 

 to Itahan olive-growers. 



