



436 



Schneider- Orelli (0.)- Ueber den Zeitpunkt der Neuansteckung vo» 

 Obstbaumen durch Borkenkafer. [The moment of re-infestation 

 of fruit trees by bark beetles.] — Schweiz. Zeitschr. Obst- u. Weinbau, 

 Frauenfeld, xxiv, no. 5, 8th March 1915, pp. 65-67, 1 fig. 



The injury done by the bark beetles, Xyleborus dispar, X. xylograpJius 

 (saxeseni), Scolytus pruni and ;S. rKgulosus is illustrated and the various 

 dates of the appearance of the adults of these species in Switzerland 

 are given. After ascertaining the species concerned, reference to the 

 list of dates will permit of efficient protection of the threatened tree& 

 by wrapping their trunks and larger branches in packing material after 

 they have been smeared with clay. Badly infested trees should be 

 used for fuel some time before the date of the appearance of the adults. 



Schneider- Orelli (O.).Blutlause. [Woolly Aphids.]— /Sc^we/z. ZeitscJu 

 Obst- u. Weinbau, Frauenfeld, xxiv, no. 6, 20th March 1915, 

 pp. 85-86. 



The author confirms his statement that a 3 per cent, solution of soft 

 soap is an efficient insecticide [see this Review, Ser. A, iii, p. 387] and 

 disputes the contention that high pressure and correct date of apphca- 

 tion are of the greatest importance, while the composition of the spray 

 solution is a subordinate factor. According to Golaz, if a good fluid 

 spray is thrown with high pressure from a nozzle placed close to the 

 infested spots, good results will be obtained, as the wax coat will be 

 washed away and the insects exposed ; a weak solution may be used 

 and the cost of control reduced thereby. The author obseives that a 

 stream of water at high pressure would disperse the insects in other 

 directions, while the object of spraying is to destroy the pests. 



Oberstein (0.). CJwrtopMa irichodadyJa (Diptera), injurious ta 

 young Cucumber Plants and new to Lower Silesia. — Mtkly. Bidl. 

 Agric. Intell. & PI. Bis., Rome, vi, no. 3, March 1915, p. 478. 

 [Abstract from Zeitschr. fiir Pjlanzenkrankheiten, Stuttgart, xxiv 

 (1914), no. 7, 1915, pp. 385-388.] 



In May 1913 and 1914, young cucumber plants were sent to Breslau 

 from two localities in Lower Silesia where they were being injured by 

 an insect which was found to be the Anthomyid, Chortophila tricho- 

 dactyla, Rond. The hfe-history of this insect is not yet perfectly 

 known ; it is new to Lower Silesia, where no fly had previously been 

 recorded as attacking cucumbers. At Lampersdorf, the infected plants 

 amounted to about 80 per cent, in the half acre field whence the 

 specimens were sent. The land had been heavily manured. The 

 seedhngs were said to have died after a few days, their stalks containing 

 small larvae. In neighbouring fields few plants were injured and a 

 very late replanting of the damaged patches was moderately successful. 

 In 1913 and 1914, the author reared these larvae. Pupation took 

 place in the soil, and in 1913 began on 31st May, the adults appearing 

 from the 9th to the 12th June As pungent odours are usually 

 attractive to Anthomyids, the use of fresh stable manure should be 

 avoided. Experience will show if the other controls advised against 

 Anthomyidae in general, and especially treatment with petroleum^ 

 emulsions, are efficacious against this species of Chortophila. 



