497 



Catoni (C). Le tignuole dell' uva ed i loro nemici natural! nel Tirolo 

 del Sud. [Vine-moths and their natural enemies in South Tyrol.] 

 — Riv. Vitic. Enol. Agrar., Conegliano, xxi, nos. 7 & 8, 1st & 15th 

 April 1915, pp. 156-160 & 177-181. [Translated from Zeitschr. 

 Angewandte Entomologie, Berlin, i, no. 2, 1914, p. 248.] 



The author, who has strongly advocated the use of rag shelter-traps 

 in the control of Clysia ambiguella and Polychrosis botrana, gives tables 

 showing how greatly parasitised the chrysaUds taken from the shelters 

 often prove to be in certain years, which are then followed by a 

 diminished infestation. In the Trentino region, where these obser- 

 vations were made during a period of ten years, the following parasites 

 of P. botrana, the dominant species, were found :■ — Chalcids : Habro- 

 cytus 'pimctiger, Microplifis tubercidifera, Monodontomerus obsoletus 

 and Trichogramma {Pentartltron) semblidis. Hyperparasitic Chalcids : 

 CriceUius decipiens, Dibrachys boucheanus, D. ajjinis, Eurytoma rosae and 

 Habrocytus acutigena. Ichneumonids :• — Angitia tenuipes, Cinxaelotus 

 erythrogaster, Dicaelotus resplendens, Exochus tibialis, Gambrus inferus, 

 Habrocryptus alternator, Habrocryptus pimctiger, Hemiteles hemipterus, 

 Hemiteles sordipes, Herpestonms furunculus, Microcryptus tiigrocinctus, 

 Omorgus dijjormis, Phacogenes sp., Pimpla alternans, P. detrita, P. 

 examinator, P. macidator, P. strigijjleuris and P. turionellae. Hyper- 

 parasitic Ichneumons : Hemiteles areator and Pezomachus sericeus. 

 The Tachinid, Phytomyptera nifidiventris, was the only dipterous 

 parasite observed. The number of vine-moth pupae varied from 

 3 to 10 per stock, the percentage of healthy ones varying from 21 to 50. 

 The fungi, Botrytis bassiana, Botrytis tenella, Cladosporium aphidis, 

 Isaria spp. and others also attacked larvae and pupae. The 

 percentage of fungus parasitation varied from 2 '7 to 11 "1. The fact 

 that the parasites appear before the vine-moths, suggests that they 

 oviposit in intermediate hosts and that the resulting first generation 

 of parasites is followed by a second one which attacks the moths. As 

 the intermediate hosts must Uve on plants other than the vine, the 

 presence or vicinity of such plants must influence the kumber of 

 parasites. The paper also contains important data concerning the 

 date of maximum flight of the vine-moths in the various years in which 

 observations were made. If a study of this character were carried 

 out in every infested district, the problem of vine-moth control would 

 be greatly advanced. 



LuxARDONi (A.). The Control of Locusts in Italy. — Mthly. Bull. 

 Agric. Intell. Plant Dis., Rome, vi, no. 4, April 1915, pp. 522- 

 532, 6 figs. 



The regions of Italy in which locusts appear with a certain frequency 

 are : Sicily, Sardinia, Calabria, Basilicata, Apulia and Latium. They 

 occur, though much less frequently, in Tuscany and Venetia and the 

 districts of Crema and Lodi. The outbreaks are not invasions from 

 Africa, but are due to locusts that are hatched and multiply, unnoticed 

 for several years, in Italy itself. Dociostaurus {Stauronotus) maroccanus 

 is the predominant species, Calliptamus italicus, L. (the Italian locust) 

 being in a very small proportion. Together with these Acridiids, but 

 only in Southern Italy, Tettigonia {Decticus) rtZ6?//-o«.s. S©rv-^,is.i)^Oj:e,pjf, 



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