509 



wash or Bordeaux mixture, thus combining treatment for insect and 

 fungus diseases. On such trees as cherry, peach, and phim, lead 

 arsenate is best, as the other insecticides are likely to injure the foliage. 



Marlatt (C. L.). The True Clothes Moths.— U.S. Dept. Agric, 

 Washington, D.C., Farmers' Bull. 659, 5th April 1915, 8 pp. 3 figs. 



Tinea pellioneUa, Tineola biselliella and Trichophaga tapetzella are 

 the most common species of clothes moths. T. pellioneUa is a northern 

 species, the larva of which feeds on woollen materials, fur and feathers. 

 There is one generation annually, the moths appearing from June to 

 August. In the south the adult is found from January to October and 

 there are two or more broods annually. The larva constructs a 

 characteristic case in which it lives. The pupal stage, which is passed 

 through within the larval case, lasts about three weeks. The larvae 

 are parasitised by species of Hymenoptera, viz. : Exochiis ovatus and 

 Apanteles carpatus. T. biselliella is typically a southern species having 

 two broods annually, the adults appearing in June and in August and 

 September. The larva feeds on similar materials to T. pellioneUa and 

 is also a serious pest in museums. The silk spun by the larva is loose, 

 and does not form a case as in T. pellioneUa. T. tapetzella occurs in 

 carpets, tapestries, etc. The larva enters directly into the material 

 it infests, constructing burrow^s in which the larval and pupal stages 

 are passed. Apanteles carpatus has been reared from this species. 

 Articles attacked should be thoroughly brushed and exposed to sun- 

 light. Tarred paper is of some value against the adults. Furniture 

 covered w^th woollen cloth may be sprayed with benzine or naphtha 

 or sponged with diluted corrosive sublimate. The best method of 

 protection is cold storage. A temperature of 40° F. renders the insect 

 dormant. The larva of T. biselliella will survive a temperature of 

 18° F., but an alternation of a low temperature with a comparatively 

 high one (40°-50° F.) invariably results in its death. Goods should 

 be submitted to two or three such changes of temperature before 

 placing them permanently in a temperature of from 40°-42° F. 



Webster (F. M.). The Chinch Bug.— U.S. Dept. Agric., Washington, 

 B.C., Farmers' Bull. 657, 6th May 1915, 28 pp. 9 figs. 



Blissus leucopterus occurs throughout the eastern and central parts 

 of the United States. In the east, timothy grass is the principal food- 

 plant ; in the central States, grain crops, including maize, millet, 

 wheat, rye and barley, are attacked, while in Mexico, sugar-cane is 

 frequently injured. The long- winged form, occurring between the 

 Eocky and Allegheny Mountains, has two generations a year, appeanng 

 in May or June and in August. The adults of the second generation 

 hibernate in grass or fallen leaves. The eggs deposited in spring hatch 

 in from 10 to 21 days ; the whole life-cycle occupies about 40 days. 

 The short-winged form in the east has one generation annually ; it 

 is incapable of flight. During the time of hatching, this species is 

 susceptible to weather conditions, frequent rains during this period 

 being fatal to it. The fungus, Sporotrichum globnliferum, has been 

 introduced into infested locahties. There is no absolute proof that 



