516 



Apples are seldom worth less than 1 dollar per barrel on the trees in 

 Nova Scotia. Out of every hundred barrels grown by proper spraying 

 in orchards similarly situated to the one mentioned, it may be reckoned 

 that forty-five barrels of picked cpiality fruit and 12"97 per cent, of 

 Nos. 1 and 2 quality fruit are due to insect control alone, which costs 

 10 dollars per hundred barrels for two applications. This does not 

 include any benefit from black spot control, which is even a more 

 important problem. The experiment was conducted to show that 

 when the weather is fine and black spot absent, the spray is not 

 wasted on the trees, as the entire four or five applications which the 

 plant pathologists recommend to keep black spot off the various 

 varieties in Nova Scotia are paid for two or three times over by the 

 reduction of insect injury. 



Bentley (G. M.). Tenth Annual Report of the State Entomologist and 

 Plant Pathologist for 1914. — Tennessee State Bd. Entom., Knoxville^ 

 March 1915, 92 pp., 25 figs. [Received 13th August 1915.] 



Investigations of the following insects have been carried on : 

 Clover leaf weevil, peach-tree borer, strawberry root louse, corn-root 

 worm, army worm, cotton-leaf worm, and pickle worm. The number 

 of officials for inspection of nursery stock has been considerably 

 increased, thereby rendering the work more efficient. Orchard and 

 apiary inspection has been carried out on a small scale. Pruning and 

 spraying demonstrations have been given, and an exhibition of economic 

 insects arranged. In discussing problems of insect control, emphasis 

 is laid on the importance of crop rotation and clean cultivation. During 

 1912, Aphis forbesi and Macrosiphum fmgariae were found on 

 strawberry plants in nine localities. Investigations into the life-history 

 of these insects were carried out. On 10th January 1914, the aphids 

 in all stages of development were found on the under side of strawberry 

 leaves. On 12th January several parasites emerged. Later collections 

 yielded many parasitised individuals. The parasite was identified as 

 LysipMebus testaceipes ; this species also attacks Toxoptera graniimim. 

 Plants infested with A. forbesi or M. fmgariae should be dipped in 

 diluted Black Leaf 40 or fumigated with hydrocyanic acid. The 

 introduction of the gipsy moth and the brown-tail moth has up to 

 the present been successfully checked. In dealing with the question 

 of orchard protection, the author is of the opinion that State supervision 

 is necessary for inspection for harmful insects and fungi and for carrying 

 out suitable spraying. The care of nursery stock has greatly improved 

 and the occurrence of the San Jose scale has been reduced to a 

 minimum. Shipments of plants from England, France, Holland and 

 Belgium have been inspected for crown gall, San Jose scale, brown-tail 

 and gipsy moth. 



May (D. W.). Report of the Porto Rico Agricultural Experiment 

 Station. 1914. — Washington, 1915, 35 pp., 3 plates. [Received 

 3rd August 1915.] 



The report of the entomologist states that the work deahng with 

 the life-histories and habits of important insect pests has been 

 continued . The most troublesome pests have been the mole-cricket, 



