551 



examinations made for several consecutive days following. It was 

 found that paraffin and sand, in the proportion of Upts. paraffin 

 to 1 bushel of sand, spread over and round the turnips at the rate of 

 6 cwt. per acre, and ground lime at the rate of 2| cwt. per acre, gave 

 good results in preventing oviposition. The application of paraffin 

 and sand had however to be repeated, whereas a single application 

 of ground lime was sufficient. The foliage suffered no injury. When 

 the larvae were on the leaves, the best results were obtained by brushing 

 the leaves by means of a " scuffler " to which branches were attached. 

 The plan was adopted of fixing a pole in front of the scuffler with two 

 bags containing sand and paraffin hanging from the pole on each side 

 in such a way that the bags brushed four drills of turnips. It was 

 noted that plants singled when small, suffered more than those which 

 were singled later. Starlings and plovers proved useful in one infested 

 field. At West Hartlepool, coke fires attracted large numbers of 

 moths at night. 



Reports on Insects of the Year. — 45tli Ann. Rept. Entom. Soc. of Ontario, 

 1914. Toronto, 1915, pp. 13-28, 2 figs. 



In the Ottawa district serious outbreaks of certain well-known 

 insects occurred during the growing season of 1914. Cirphis {Leucania) 

 unipuncta (army-worm) was particularly abundant in the Carp and 

 Kinburn districts. Melanoplus atlantis attacked barley, oats, and 

 timothy. Cutworms, belonging to the species, Euxoa tessellata, E. 

 messoria, E. ochrogaster and Sidemia {Hadena) devastatrix were present 

 in many locahties. Root maggots were found on radishes, onions, 

 cabbage and cauliflower ; the last two vegetables were protected by 

 means of tarred paper disks placed round them at the time of planting 

 out. Psila rosae (carrot rust fly) was found in a private garden in 

 Ottawa. Spraying with kerosene emulsion, 1 part in 9 of water, has 

 been found useful in controlling this insect ; appUcations should be 

 made once a week during June and the first half of July. Papilio 

 polyxenes (celery caterpillar) was found attacking parsley early in 

 July. Plutella macidipennis (diamond-back moth) was very abundant 

 in cabbage fields in the latter half of June. Two species of tent cater- 

 pillars {Malacosoma americana and M. disstria) were present in many 

 locahties. Eriocampoides Umacina (pear slug) was abundant in 

 orchards on plum and cherry trees. Typlilocyha rosae (rose leaf- 

 hopper) infested the foliage of roses throughout the district. Hoplo- 

 campa {Emphytus) canadensis (violet sawfiy) was found in the middle 

 of June on pansies : the larvae were destroyed by dusting the plants 

 in the evening with white hellebore or with Paris green mixed with 

 50 times its weight of flour. Lygus pratensis (tarnished plant bug) 

 was destructive to dahlias. Pionea {Phlyctaenm) rubigalis (green- 

 house leaf-tier) and red spider were responsible tor damage to many 

 kinds of plants. In the Orillia district, the appearance of two asparagus 

 beetles, Crioceris asparagi and C. l2-pnnctata, was noticed. Agrilus 

 rufiroUis (raspberry cane borer) appeared in some districts. In the 

 northern part of Toronto, Hylemyia antiqua {Pegomyia cepetorum) 

 (onion maggot) was present. Poecilocapsus lineatus (four-hned plant 

 bug) occurred in large numbers on dahlias. In the Niagara district, 

 the following orchard pests were recorded •.— Rhagoletis pomonella 



